Showing papers in "Materials Characterization in 2000"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the microstructural evolution in selected aluminium alloys based on commercial age hardenable 2000, 6000, and 7000 series alloys and showed that the nature and kinetics of the precipitation process depend on the solute-solute interactions that produce solute clusters.

TL;DR: The spinodal decomposition is known to occurr in iron-chromium-based model and industrial alloys during long-term aging at intermediate temperatures, and its evolution quantified by means of various microstructural paramaters directly accessible from concentration profiles.

TL;DR: Local Electrode Atom Probes (LEAPs) as discussed by the authors are an important tool for materials characterization at the atomic scale. But their performance has not yet reached the state-of-the-art.

TL;DR: A review of the contributions of the atom probe field-ion microscopy (APFIM) technique to the microstructural characterization of pressure vessel steels and to the understanding of the embrittlement of these materials during neutron irradiation is presented in this article.

TL;DR: Laminated metal composites have been cited in antiquity; for example, an iron laminate that may date as far back as 2750 BC was found in the Great Pyramid in Gizeh in 1837 as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of nanostructural features of nickel-based superalloys as revealed by Field-Ion Microscopy, Atom Probe (APFIM), and 3D Atom Probe are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this article, an approach to 3D analysis of microstructures is demonstrated in three different alloy steels, namely, Proeutectoid cementite, ferrite, and an entire pearlite colony.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the hot deformation behavior of AISI T1 (18W-4Cr-1V) high-speed steel in the temperature range 950-1150°C at strain rates of 0.001 −10 s−1 and true strains of 0 −0.6.

TL;DR: In this article, two composites of powders of zirconia, partially stabilized by use of calcia (CaO), and hydroxyapatite (Z4H6 and Z6H4) have been synthesized by co-precipitation method.

TL;DR: The microstructure in the as-cast samples consisted of an austenitic matrix and a network of two types of primary carbides (chromium and niobium), whereas that of the aged materials also exhibit a fine dispersion of small chromium carbide precipitates.

TL;DR: In this article, it is demonstrated that atom probe field ion microscopy is a valuable technique in the development of these technologically important alloys, and that Alloy carbides precipitating in secondary hardening, creep resisting, and high speed steels are subsequently discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, single crystals of calcium-doped barium titanate have been grown by high temperature solution growth technique with 12 and 20 mol% of calcium, and dielectric constants were measured from 150 to 450 K and the values decreased with increasing Ca concentration.

TL;DR: In this paper, three different morphologies of pearlite have been formed isothermally at three temperatures in a eutectoid steel and the interlamellar spacings of these morphologies have been measured by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.

TL;DR: In this article, the velocity of an ultrasonic sound wave in alumina ceramics decreased proportionally with increasing porosity, and Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio calculated from the longitudinal and transverse ultrasonic velocities were found to be dependent on porosity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed recent atom probe studies on the microstructure evolution of nanocrystalline and nanocomposite metallic materials that are produced by the nanocystallization phenomena of amorphous alloys.

TL;DR: In this article, a new X-ray technique was developed for determining the amount of retained austenite in steels with preferred orientation, such as white cast irons and deformed steels.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the decrease of surface area observed with the thermal treatment can be related to the growth of crystallites, and there is a good correlation between the surface area and the mean crystallite dimension.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of lay-up sequences on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the advanced carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy plastic (CFRP) composite was evaluated by tensile, slow bend and instrumented Charpy impact tests.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the creep behavior of the near α-Ti alloy Ti6242Si at 500°C using constant stress tensile creep testing and showed that the primary and anelastic creep strains are intimately related, and depend on microstructure and stress.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of substituting copper by silicon, and also the silicon content on the physical, mechanical, and wear properties of a Zn-37.5 Al-based alloy under different experimental conditions was analyzed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a volume segment of the liquid-phase sintered microstructure of a tungsten heavy alloy processed in the microgravity environment of NASAs'space shuttle, Columbia is reconstructed.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of temperature on the internal friction peak of the e→γ reversion transformation was investigated using an electrostatic audio-frequency internal friction instrument, and the results showed that alloy compositions evidently affect the NE temperature.

TL;DR: In this paper, an improved X-ray diffraction rotating orientation measurement method is proposed that can measure the crystal lattice orientation quickly and accurately, and can also directly assess the quality of preferentially oriented specimens and quasi-single crystals through use of the butterfly diagram to measure crystal orientation distribution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effect of thermal cycling and cold rolling on the performance of martensitic transformation of quaternary alloys with one-stage B2↔B19′ transformation and exhibited ≥80% shape memory recovery.

TL;DR: In this paper, low-carbon bainitic steel containing B was submitted to torsion tests to simulate controlled rolling, followed by interrupted accelerated cooling, and the final microstructure was found to contain complex mixture of granular bainite, small islands of MA constituent and polygonal ferrite.

TL;DR: In this article, three methods have been introduced to measure the irregularity of graphite nodules in one-, two-and three-dimensional (1D, 2D and 3D) space.

TL;DR: In this article, a scanning atom probe (SAP) was developed by modifying an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope to enable atom-by-atom analysis of microcusps of a thin diamond layer grown by chemical vapor deposition.

TL;DR: A review of the development of the techniques of atom probe field-ion microscopy and atom probe tomography is presented in this article, where the development is traced from the original time-of-flight atom probe Field-ion microscope developed by Muller, Panitz, and McLean in 1968 to the energy-compensated three-dimensional atom probes that are commercially available today.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the studies of interfaces by atom probe field-ion microscopy is presented, which has been successfully applied to the investigation of the detailed chemistry of interfaces in many important engineering materials.