Showing papers in "Modern Applied Science in 2015"
TL;DR: In this paper, a nonparametric approach compared to the parametric approach of CB-SEM was used to compare the performance of Variance Based SEM and Covariance Based SemEval.
Abstract: Lately, there was some attention for the Variance Based SEM (VB-SEM) against that of Covariance Based SEM (CB-SEM) from social science researches regarding the fitness indexes, sample size requirement, and normality assumption Not many of them aware that VB-SEM is developed based on the non-parametric approach compared to the parametric approach of CB-SEM In fact the fitness of a model should not be taken lightly since it reflects the behavior of data in relation to the proposed model for the study Furthermore, the adequacy of sample size and the normality of data are among the main assumptions of parametric test itself This study intended to clarify the ambiguities among the social science community by employing the data-set which do not meet the fitness requirements and normality assumptions to execute both CB-SEM and VB-SEM The findings reveal that the result of CB-SEM with bootstrapping is almost similar to that of VB-SEM (bootstrapping as usual) Therefore, the failure to meet the fitness and normality requirements should not be the reason for employing Non-Parametric SEM
153 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of various agricultural by-products feedstock and their derived biochars were collected to explore the potential of FTIR technique as a simple and rapid method for characterizing their biochar structure.
Abstract: Biochar is charred material produced by the pyrolysis of organic biomass. In this work, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of various agricultural by-products feedstock and their derived biochars were collected to explore the potential of FTIR technique as a simple and rapid method for characterizing their biochar structure. The FTIR information was also discussed for comparing the biochar formation process. Biochars became increasingly more aromatic and carbonaceous with increase in pyrolysis temperature, and these changes could easily be detected from FTIR spectral differences. Complementary to visual inspection of spectral variations, principal component analysis (PCA) of FTIR spectra enhanced the similarity or dissimilarity of biochars prepared at various temperatures. On the basis of spectral features in the 1750-1500 cm-1 region assignable to characteristic carboxyl and aromatic groups that existed in the starting materials and also in biochars, a simple three-band ratio algorithm was developed to monitor the biochar formation semi-quantitatively. Results indicated the feasibility of FTIR in rapid and non-destructive biochar measurements for quality and production.
105 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a theoretical background for the problem and review the related literature and conclude that the rise of evapotranspiration in cities, that has roots in vegetation and water body, can efficiently mitigate the influence of the urban heat island.
Abstract: In urban areas, water bodies have a positive effect upon microclimate of the surroundings with the relative cooling impact it has on evaporative procedure. Hence, evaporative cooling might be one of the pretty efficient methods of passive cooling for urban spaces and buildings. Differences in temperature between the urban space and the non-urban space which surrounds, is dubbed UHI (Urban Heat Island) effect. Water bodies have also been proven to be influential methods of decreasing urban temperatures. A water body temperature is capable of being lower than the surrounding urban environment around 2 - 6 °C. According to these findings; one may conclude that the rise of evapotranspiration in cities, that has roots in vegetation and water body, can efficiently mitigate the influence of the urban heat island. Unfortunately, the effect that water bodies can have upon urban temperatures has not been thoroughly assessed in previous studies, specifically the difference between the daytime and night time influences of water bodies, and the matter the how urban design may be in influential in moving the cooling influence from the water bodies toward the city. This paper provides a theoretical background for the problem and reviews the related literature.
95 citations
TL;DR: A systematic analysis of mathematical and computer modeling, which is connected with many decision-making centers, was conducted to ensure that the simulation model will not lose its adequacy and realistically reflect the ongoing production processes.
Abstract: The article suggests the methodological approaches to the problems of corporate actions harmonization and optimization, as well as the mathematical and computer modeling of supporting information flows, a systematic analysis of mathematical and computer modeling, which is connected with many decision-making centers, was conducted. The main problems of those centers are the propagation of constraints, coordination of decisions, implementation of the principle of cooperation and ensuring a fair balance between the interests of its participants. The main purpose - to ensure that the simulation model will not lose its adequacy and realistically reflect the ongoing production processes, that shall be mandatory confirm with the coincidence of appropriate practical data and data, which will be obtained during the modeling in the business structures.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of waste frying oils (WFO) is one way to reduce the cost of biodiesel production, because of its availability and low price, and the results reveal that the best method for treating WFO is using 7.5% (wt. % to WFO) of coconut coir.
Abstract: Synthesis of biodiesel is a strategic step in overcoming energy scarcity and the environmental degradationcaused by the continuous use of the petroleum based energy. Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engine isproduced from renewable resources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. The main obstacle in the biodieselproduction is the high price of the raw materials, resulting in the price of biodiesel is not competitive comparedto the petroleum diesel. Therefore, the use of waste frying oils (WFO) is one way to reduce the cost of biodieselproduction, because of its availability and low price. In the present work, WFO from California Fried chicken(CFC) restaurants in Surabaya were used as feed stock for the biodiesel production. The experiments wereconducted using three steps of processes: pre-treatment of WFO, preparation of alumina based compositecatalyst CaO/KI/γ-Al2O3 and transesterification of treated WFO. WFO was treated by several types and variousamounts of activated adsobents. The treated WFO was transesterified in three neck glass batch reactor withrefluxed methanol using CaO/KI/γ-Al2O3. The results reveal that the best method for treating WFO is using 7.5%(wt. % to WFO) of coconut coir. Alumina based composite catalyst CaO/KI/γ-Al2O3 was very promising fortransesterification of WFO into biodiesel. The yield of biodiesel was 83% and obtained at 65oC, 5 h of reactiontime, 1:18 of molar ratio WFO to methanol and 6% amount of catalyst.
30 citations
TL;DR: The paper proposes vehicles detection method based on the image segmentation, along with the use of machine learning methods, particularly the artificial neural network method known as Deep Learning, which contributes to the efficiency of UAV in road traffic monitoring by means of the management and detection processes automation.
Abstract: This paper aims to introduce an approach to the organization of road traffic monitoring by the means of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which is based on the automatic situation control of UAVs. The research includes analysis of existing methods of on-board automatic detection of emergency and abnormal traffic situations with UAV artificial vision systems (AVS), preliminary classification of these situations including the allocation of emergencies and disastrous situations. The paper presents the choice of UAV controls in compliance with the recognized situation. The traffic situation identification method introduced in the paper is based on Bayes and Neyman-Pearson criterion. Furthermore, the research involves the analysis of the existing approaches to the detection of moving and stationary vehicles by the means of UAV AVS. The paper proposes vehicles detection method based on the image segmentation, along with the use of machine learning methods, particularly the artificial neural network method known as Deep Learning. The research provides solutions for vehicle tracking and velocity detection problems in order to describe traffic situations. The proposed approach contributes to the efficiency of UAV in road traffic monitoring by means of the management and detection processes automation.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multiple-step procedure that can be used to produce water washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) and a co-product water soluble cottonseed protein (CSPw) from CSM was tested at pilot scale.
Abstract: Enhanced utilization of defatted cottonseed meal (CSM)-based products as biobased raw materials would increase the profitability of cotton growers and processors. In this work, a multiple-step procedure that can be used to produce water washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) and a co-product water soluble cottonseed protein (CSPw) from CSM was tested at pilot scale. Alternatively, the procedure can also be used to produce CSPw, alkali soluble protein (CSPa) and the protein extracted insoluble residue (CSIR). The chemical composition of these pilot-produced products was generally comparable to that of the corresponding laboratory-prepared products. The fiber content was higher in the pilot-produced WCSM than in laboratory-produced product mainly due to the higher fiber content in the mill-based starting meal material used in the pilot trial. The protein content in the pilot-produced CSPw was only 64.4% of the solid matter, indicating that additional rinse is needed before drying the HCl-precipitated CSPw fraction. Per the yield and composition data, it was concluded that it was feasible to produce the four products WCSM, CSPw, CSPa, and CSIR from CSM in a large scale. Thus, adoption of this procedure would provide the necessary quantities for exploring the practical utilization of these products in biomaterial industry.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of formation of triangular networks on the sphere was proposed, where the objective is to determine the position of the basic elements of the network to allow the field to optimize network basic criteria.
Abstract: The problems associated with the formation of a geometric network on a sphere. Determining the position of the basic elements of the network to allow the field to optimize network basic criteria. Investigated a method of formation of triangular networks on the sphere. Optimality criteria may be for this the following parameters: minimum number of elements of the dome sizes, the ability to pre-assembly and prestressing.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the problems of improving efficiency and cost reduction of fine-grain concrete at production of small wall products by complex use of fabricated raw materials in the form of bottom-ash mixtures are investigated.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of improving efficiency and cost reduction of fine-grain concrete at production of small wall products by complex use of fabricated raw materials in the form of TPP bottom-ash mixtures. The results of bottom-ash mixtures research and composite gypsum binders (CGB) for fine-grain concrete based on such mixtures are provided in the paper. Microstructure and morphology of fine mineral additives of slag and fly ash and prospects of using these components as filler in CGB composition are researched. The properties of fine-grain concrete and concrete mixtures on this CGB are researched: workability, porosity, density, strength, and deformation properties. Experimentally proven is the effectiveness of integrated use of local raw materials, including fabricated materials, in the production of CGB and fine-grain concrete based on it.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored local community involvement in rural tourism development in Kinabalu National Park, Sabah and found that local communities prefer to be involved in the tourism sector because it improves their key income resources and quality of life.
Abstract: Malaysia is a popular rural destination worldwide because of its natural heritage. Rural tourism is increasingly viewed as a panacea, increasing the economic viability of marginalized areas, stimulating social regeneration, and improving the living conditions of rural communities. This study explores local community involvement in rural tourism development in Kinabalu National Park, Sabah. This study aims to obtain the local community’s perception of their involvement in tourism development and to determine the benefit of tourism destination development. To address these objectives, the quantitative method was employed. A total of 378 questionnaires were returned by the respondents. The research was conducted in the villages surrounding Kinabalu National Park. Residents have positive perceptions of tourism development in the area. Local communities prefer to be involved in the tourism sector because it improves their key income resources and quality of life.
27 citations
TL;DR: The optimization process for the multicast tree in the networks with dynamic traffic routing, which is based on the channel state and evaluates each channel, is described and the problem of constructing a multicast connections tree on graphs is formalized.
Abstract: This article describes the optimization process for the multicast tree in the networks with dynamic traffic routing, which is based on the channel state and evaluates each channel. The problem of constructing a multicast connections tree on graphs is formalized. The possibility of improving the existing algorithms by selecting certain "rendezvous points", as well as the algorithm for reducing the "cost" of the multicast routing tree are analysed. Simulation of tree construction was made in accordance with the family of Protocol-Independent Multicast protocols and the proposed algorithm. A critical analysis of the simulation results and comparative evaluation of uniformity of loading data channel at multicast routing are carried out.
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the measurement of the weber-ampere characteristic of electric devices consisting of a magnetic core and a coil is proposed, in which the coil of the electric device is energized with sinusoidal voltage of known amplitude and frequency, and harmonic amplitudes of passing current are measured.
Abstract: This work is devoted to development of measurement of weber--ampere characteristic of electric devices consisting of a magnetic core and a coil. In this method the coil of electric device is energized with sinusoidal voltage of known amplitude and frequency, and harmonic amplitudes of passing current are measured. On the basis of these data the inverse problem of harmonic balance is solved and the approximation coefficients of the equation describing the required weber--ampere characteristic are determined. The influence of the degree of approximating expression on measurement error is studied. The obtained results have demonstrated possibility of application of the proposed method to measurements of weber--ampere characteristics of electric devices. The measurement error of weber--ampere characteristic does not exceed 3 %.
TL;DR: In this article, the potential utilization of hemicellulosic component of EFB to beconverted to xylitol, the 5-carbon-sugar-alcohol which is low calorie, low Glycemic Index, and anti-cariogenic.
Abstract: The concept of biorefinery offers the utilization of biomass, in particular agricultural waste, to be converted intoenergy, chemicals, materials, and food. In 2013 Indonesia produced about 27.4 thousand tons of crude palm oil(CPO) which corresponds to approximately 30 thousand tons of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), the biomasswaste from palm oil industries. The huge availability of EFB in Indonesia may serve as a good starting point toimplement the concept of biorefinery. EFB mainly comprises of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Thecellulosic components of EFB have been thoroughly studied, i.e. for the production of bioethanol. Thehemicellulosic component of EFB, which is a polymeric substance that comprises mainly of xylose, has beenbarely explored. This paper reviewed the potential utilization of hemicellulosic component of EFB to beconverted to xylitol, the 5-carbon-sugar-alcohol which is low calorie, low Glycemic Index, and anti-cariogenic.The pretreatment and hydrolysis of EFB and the following fermentation of EFB hydrolysate to xylitol will bediscussed further.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of partial replacement of nickel with nitrogen on the corrosion resistance of newly designed austenitic stainless steel samples without and with heat treated was investigated in 3.5wt% and 5wt% NaCl solution using open-circuit, potentiodynamic, cyclic anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques.
Abstract: The effect of partial replacement of nickel with nitrogen on the corrosion resistance of newly designed austenitic stainless steel samples without and with heat treated was investigated in 3.5wt% and 5wt% NaCl solution using open-circuit, potentiodynamic, cyclic anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The results showed that, passivation in sample 1 where the highest addition of nickel and low addition of nitrogen is different from that for sample 4 where the nitrogen is greatest and the nickel is reduced almost to the third comparing sample 1. The difference in responses of heat treated samples to localized and general corrosion could be attributed to the difference in their phase compositions. The appearance of ferrite phase for samples (2, 4, 5 and 6) after heat treatment resulted in lowering the general and localized corrosion resistance than as forged samples in contrast with samples 1 and 3, where they still pure austenite. The obtained results are confirmed by surface examination.
TL;DR: In this article, the white rot fungus of Marasmius sp. has been used on the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFBs) for 30 days and the results showed that the lignin content could be removed by 35.94%.
Abstract: White rot fungi have an ability to degrade lignin by employing lignin-degrading enzymes i.e Lignin Peroxidase, Manganese Peroxidase and Laccase. Therefore, the fungi can be utilized on the pretreatment of biomass in pulp making (biopulping) and biobleaching. In this study, the pretreatment using White Rot Fungi of Marasmius sp. has been conducted on the the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFBs). Marasmius sp. has been grown on EFBs for 30 days. The results showed that the lignin content could be removed by 35.94%. However, cellulose and hemicelluloses relatively did not show any changes in the EFBs. From the pulping process, the pretreatment exhibited the Kappa Number of 31.10. Compared to no pretreatment of white rot fungi, the Kappa Number obtained was 38.63. This result demonstrated a promising process for a green pulp making.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a model that could describe the aerosol distribution sizes per time, which was applied to six locations within 335 ˟ 230 Km2 area of a selected portion of south-west, Nigeria.
Abstract: Recurrent challenges of the theoretical estimation of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) are traceable to bogus assumption in its mathematical model. The objective of this paper is to propound a model that could describe the aerosol distribution sizes per time. The physics of the salient properties of aerosol within the Stokes regime was discussed. The mathematical model was applied to six locations within 335 ˟ 230 Km2 area of a selected portion of south-west, Nigeria. Though the climatic change is evident via thirteen years ground data set assimilation, the sensitivity of the proposed model was proven to increase by 0.1%. The research affirmed the use of some parameters (e.g. minimum temperature, cloud cover, relative humidity and rainfall) to estimate aerosol optical thickness and by extension the aerosol distribution size over an area.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the concept and the model of operational and innovation program for which formulated theoretical and methodological principles and systematic statement of the general problem of planning, designed to optimize the process of resource usage under different criteria, including: investment, financial, technological, industrial and information capabilities of the corporation.
Abstract: Modern production and innovation processes in industrial corporations differ by complex nature of modern technologies and organizational solutions. Adequate methodological approaches to their analysis and evaluation of efficiency are required. The present study contains the concept and the model of operational and innovation program for which formulated theoretical and methodological principles and systematic statement of the general problem of planning, designed to optimize the process of resource usage under different criteria, including: investment, financial, technological, industrial and information capabilities of the corporation.
TL;DR: Simulation and real data results show that adaptive LASSO has advantage in terms of both prediction and variable selection comparing with other existing adaptive penalized methods when the explanatory variables are highly correlated.
Abstract: The LASSO has been widely studied and used in many applications, but it not shown oracle properties. Depending on a consistent initial parameters vector, an adaptive LASSO showed oracle properties, which it is consistent in variable selection and asymptotically normal in coefficient estimation. In Poisson regression model, the usual adaptive LASSO using maximum likelihood coefficient estimators can result in very poor performance when there is multicollinearity. In this study, we proposed an adjusting of the adaptive LASSO to take into account the maximum likelihood standard errors of the coefficient parameters. The performance of the adaptive LASSO was demonstrated through simulation and real data. Our simulation and real data results show that adaptive LASSO has advantage in terms of both prediction and variable selection comparing with other existing adaptive penalized methods when the explanatory variables are highly correlated. Hence we can conclude that adaptive LASSO is a reliable adaptive penalized method in a Poisson regression model.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the approximate solution of higher order boundary value problems by differential transform method, which converges rapidly to the exact solution and is shown in tables and graphs.
Abstract: This paper presents the approximate solution of higher order boundary value problems by differential transform method. Two examples are considered to illustrate the efficiency of this method. The results converge rapidly to the exact solution and are shown in tables and graphs.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors attempted to determine the adoption rate of IPM by the vegetable growers in Bangladesh for better understanding about what extent farmers adopt to IPM and find the current adoption rate also analyzed Data were collected from 331 vegetable farmers of Narsingdi district, Bangladesh by following a structured questionnaire.
Abstract: Integrated pest management (IPM) is such approach where pest are controlled by following a number of technologies that are environmentally sound The study attempted to determine the adoption rate of IPM by the vegetable growers in Bangladesh for better understanding about what extent farmers adopt to IPM and find the current adoption rate also analyzed Data were collected from 331 vegetable farmers of Narsingdi district, Bangladesh by following a structured questionnaire To determine the adoption rate of IPM, the study applied one of the three global used methods which were better than others and suitable for the study area and crop type (vegetables) Less than one third (30%) farmers adopted IPM while others fully dependent on chemical method for controlling pest Moreover, lack of knowledge about IPM, lack of training facilities and inadequacy of IPM equipments were the major reasons to keep far away the farmers to adopt IPM Factor analysis showed that farmers faced by three types of barriers such as institutional, social and management Discussion on these barriers focusing on ways to overcome is presented The findings can play important role to increase adoption rate of this environment friendly farming approach
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the causes of building collapse in two cities in Cameroon (Yaounde and Douala) between 2010 and 2014 and revealed that the major causes of such failures were excessive loading, structural design, degradation due to environmental factors, use of poor quality materials and concrete processing.
Abstract: The failure and collapse of buildings in most cases result in loss of lives and properties. The incessant collapses of buildings nowadays are so enormous that it has become a serious concern to the professionals in the building industry, clients, governments, and general public. In most cases, the architects and engineers who are directly involved in the construction of such building are held responsible for building collapse. The purpose of this study was to elaborate various cases of building structures collapsed that occurred in Yaounde and Douala, Cameroon between 2010 and 2014 and to investigate the factors causing such incidents. The methods employed in the collection of data include the administration of questionnaire to professionals in the building industry (professional engineers, architects and construction professionals), site inspections and case studies for the sites. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The findings show that the collapse of some buildings in major cities in Cameroon (Yaounde and Douala) can be attributed to absence of soil investigation and foundation, structural design, detailing, degradation due to environmental factors, use of poor quality materials and concrete processing. In the two case studies considered, the study revealed that the major causes of building failures were excessive loading, structural design, degradation due to environmental factors and other causes. The paper concludes by recommending possible measures to be undertaken by government and other regulatory bodies in the building industry to avert this.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of water layer thickness on the laser ablation efficiency of nanoparticles was investigated experimentally, and the optimum parameter of the water-layer thickness was determined.
Abstract: Sliver colloidal solutions were synthesized by Nd: YAG laser ablation 1064 nm of a high purity silver target immersed in deionised water. The effect of water layer thickness on the laser ablation efficiency of nanoparticles was investigated experimentally. UV-Vis spectrophotometer and transmission electron microscopy observations were employed to characterize the optical spectra and particle sizes of colloids, respectively. The optimum parameter of the water layer thickness (which yielded the maximum ablation efficiency) was determined. It was demonstrated that both: the average particle size and the ablation efficiency which can be tuned by choosing suitable experimental parameters of liquid layer thickness, laser fluence and post-ablation laser wavelength. Average particle size and redistribution of nanoparticles was controlled by the subsequent treatment of the ablated colloid solution with combination of 1064 and 532 nm pulses. The effects of post-ablation under laser-induced particle modification reduced the average particle size from 15.1 to 4.3 nm. Particle size distribution was also narrowed with 532 nm pulses.
TL;DR: The hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) and autoregressive (AR) method is proposed for imputing the missing values in wind speed data with nonlinear characteristic and it is shown that AR-ANN outperformed the classical methods.
Abstract: Wind speed data collection process faces several problems as failure of data observing devices. Therefore, windspeed data naturally contains missing values. Imputing these missing values using an effective method isimportant before performing time series analysis. The classical methods as linear, nearest neighbor, and statespace may not provide accurate imputations when the wind speed contains nonlinearity. In this study, the hybridartificial neural network (ANN) and autoregressive (AR) method is proposed for imputing the missing values.ANN is a nonlinear method that is capable of imputing the missing values in wind speed data with nonlinearcharacteristic. AR model is used for determining the structure of the input layer for the ANN. Listwise deletion isused before AR modeling to handle the missing values. A case study is carried out using daily Iraqi andMalaysian wind speed data. The proposed imputation method is compared with linear, nearest neighbor, andstate space methods. The comparison has shown that AR-ANN outperformed the classical methods. Inconclusion, the missing values in wind speed data with nonlinear characteristic can be imputed more accuratelyusing AR-ANN. Therefore, imputing the missing values using AR-ANN leads to more accurate performance oftime series modeling and analysis.
TL;DR: In this article, a failure mode and effect analysis method is used to assess the operational reliability of the oil refineries' equipment, which is a pressing problem for the oil-producing regions and countries.
Abstract: The paper considers the practical application of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis method to assess the operational reliability of the oil refineries' equipment, which is a pressing problem for the oil-producing regions and countries. Oil refineries are hazardous industries, and therefore the construction, adaptation and testing of effective risk analysis methods is an important task. The solution to this problem provides the basis for corrective management action to reduce the probability of damage from accidents to humans and the environment. The method is based on the detection probability of inconsistencies and involves elaborate ways to increase the reliability and security through risk analysis method. The approbation is performed for the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis method to assess the reliability based on the detection of defects typical to oil and gas facilities. The basic steps of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis method are provided and show the possible options for scaling required to obtain quantitative risk assessments. The result was the quantitative risk assessment for oil transportation facilities. The supporting method for quantifying risk in emergency situations on the equipment are encouraged to use a fuzzy logic approach. The paper describes the main steps of this approach shows its applicability and the possibility of formation for quantitative estimates of the hazards of various defects in the equipment.
TL;DR: This work will derive a learning algorithm in which time-consuming stochastic measurements of collerations are replaced by solutions to deterministic mean field theory (MFT) equations and build agent based modelling (ABM) by using Netlogo for this task.
Abstract: Logic program and neural networks are two important perspectives in artificial intelligence. Logic describes connections among propositions. Moreover, logic must have descriptive symbolic tools to represent propositions. Meanwhile representation of neural networks on the other hand is in non-symbolic form. The objective in performing logic programming revolves around energy minimization is to reach the best global solutions. On the other hand, we usually gets local minima solutions also. In order to improve this, based on the Boltzmann machine concept, we will derive a learning algorithm in which time-consuming stochastic measurements of collerations are replaced by solutions to deterministic mean field theory (MFT) equations. The main idea of mean field algorithm is to replace the real unstable induced local field for each neuron in the network with its average local field value. Then, we build agent based modelling (ABM) by using Netlogo for this task.
TL;DR: In this article, the problems of strategic management using the methods of multidimensional statistical analysis were dealt with in agribusiness using cluster analysis, trend analysis, and the method of canonical correlations.
Abstract: The article deals with the problems of strategic management using the methods of multidimensional statistical analysis. In agribusiness, the gap may occur in the use of modern management tools; therefore, the strategies used by agricultural producers are not always formalized. To study the latent strategies as the models of economic behavior, the technique of identification of strategic alternatives was developed based on the system use of the cluster analysis, trend analysis, and the method of canonical correlations. The proposed technique allowed identifying four latent strategies used by Russian agricultural producers in the production of grain. A detailed study of the parameters of economic activity of the two model enterprises representing the strategies of costs minimizing and intensification allowed to draw comparative conclusions concerning the influence of the nature of spending on the outcomes, dynamics, and stability of the production and its effectiveness.
TL;DR: A more systematic TOPSIS model is presented, in which the correlations between criteria were overcome by a new method on evaluation index system based on R cluster analysis and a combination weighting method which has considered subjective potency of human and the variance in the data is proposed.
Abstract: Traditional TOPSIS model has some disadvantages, such as correlations between criteria, uncertainty in obtaining the weights only by objective methods or subjective methods and possibility of alternative closed to ideal point and nadir point concurrently, and many solutions have been proposed regarding these disadvantages. This paper presents a more systematic TOPSIS model, in which the correlations between criteria were overcome by a new method on evaluation index system based on R cluster analysis. It also proposes a combination weighting method which has considered subjective potency of human and the variance in the data. Besides, the possibility of alternative closed to ideal point and nadir point concurrently was avoided by vertical projection method and the measurement of similarity to solution was simplified by vertical projection distance. The feasibility and validity of this improved TOPSIS model were testified by the evaluation of NCAA basketball coaches after 1939.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered processes of treatment for fuels with high sulphur content, when applied in marine medium-speed diesel engines, and developed a scheme of the experimental installation, which allows performing cavitation fuel treatment.
Abstract: The paper considers processes of treatment for fuels with high sulphur content, when applied in marine medium-speed diesel engines. The paper describes features of operating marine medium-speed diesel engine fuel systems with high-viscosity fuels. The paper offers an option for the cavitation fuel treatment to disrupt the sulphur-carbon bonds in the marine fuels. The authors developed a scheme of the experimental installation, which allows performing cavitation fuel treatment. The results of the analysis are provided in the paper, as well as the fuel cavitation treatment effect on sulphur wear of diesel engine cylinder and piston assembly parts (bushing and top piston ring) is analysed, as well as its operational parameters (maximum cylinder pressure, gases temperature in the exhaust manifold).
TL;DR: Classification of correspondence of MCO original and its digital copy by content is offered, and some technical aspects of digitization technology and subsequent visualization of images that allow providing high technical quality of copies and avoiding repeated digitization in the future are considered.
Abstract: One of the most important applications of information technologies in culture and education is content creation by digitizing objects of material culture (MCO). This content is named digital heritage. Rather large databases have been created. Digital heritage processing means for the purpose of culture and education are developed and are being developed. Works regarding digitization and development of software and information systems of digital heritage of various applications is carried out under government orders and at the initiative of noncommercial associations, private persons, and companies, and sure enough it will be in progress for many decades. Creation and use of digital heritage is a vast area of human activity, which dramatically alters humanity mentality, culture, ways of education and so on. The activity has many aspects – political, legal, technical, scientific, economic and others, each of which is being actively developed. Therefore, any studies in this direction are relevant. The majority of digitized MCO are kept and used in the form of digital images. When working with digital images two problems of copy quality evaluation arise: content transfer accuracy and form transfer accuracy. Nowadays there are no legal principles and approaches to rating these non-quantitative indicators. At the same time the issue is important and relevant since different standpoint regarding the notion of “quality” and different aims pursued by creators and distributors of the content as well as users’ interests may lead to serious conflicts and become effective means in cyber wars. The paper offers classification of correspondence of MCO original and its digital copy by content, and also considers some technical aspects of digitization technology and subsequent visualization of images that allow providing high technical quality of copies and avoiding repeated digitization in the future.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of photoelectric properties comes from mesh line width and cycle was analyzed, different line widths and cycle ITO film mesh was manufacture by the way of coating and chemical erosion method.
Abstract: In allusion to electromagnetic radiation damage that existed in daily life, social safety and military field, electromagnetic shielding technology of infrared and infrared optical window was studied. Transparent conductive film mesh was proposed in optical window, the mesh is composed of oxide films including ITO, SnO 2 etc, for decreasing infrared and visible low transmission problem of traditional metal mesh . The effects of photoelectric properties comes from mesh line width and cycle was analysised in this paper, different line width and cycle ITO film mesh was manufacture d，by the way of coating、 lithography and chemical erosion method. The Comparison Study of ITO film mesh and metal mesh , we concluded that infrared transmission of ITO mesh is higher than metal mesh, and even more than 10%; that shielding efficiency of ITO mesh is lower than metal mesh, but the gap is less , only 2～3dB. So it has practical value by ITO mesh instead of metal mesh.