Showing papers in "Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology in 2021"

TL;DR: The scientific literature on the physiological mechanisms of puberty and the main pathophysiological aspects of its onset are reviewed, including the reactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

TL;DR: The preliminary findings suggest that TD is associated with poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19, and patients with TD were more likely to develop a critical subtype of the disease.

TL;DR: This review will cover many studies that have utilized congenital ablation or overexpression of members of the hypothalamic/pituitary somatotrophic axis, as well as cell-specific gene-targeting approaches used to unravel the nature of the GH/IGF-1 actions in the skeleton in vivo.

TL;DR: While the general patterns of endocrine regulation of thermogenesis are quite well understood, at least in poultry, the molecular and endocrine mechanisms that regulate, e.g. mitochondrial function and plasticity of thermoregulation over different time scales, need to be unveiled.

TL;DR: CYP11A1 plays several critical roles in the skin through its initiation of local steroidogenesis and specific metabolism of vitamin D, lumisterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol.

TL;DR: The role of neuroimmune axis and hyperactive HPA-axis in the case of both cancer and depression is focused on and therapeutics targeting the H PA-axis dysregulation could be effective in ameliorating symptoms of depression in cancer patients.

TL;DR: TUDCA treatment enhanced glucose homeostasis in the streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease mice model, pointing this taurine conjugated bile acid as a good strategy to counteract glucoseHomeostasis disturbance in AD pathology.

TL;DR: From the potential mechanism analysis, the data expounded that Kaempferol boosted BMSC osteogenic differentiation and ameliorated osteoporosis by lessening miR-10a-3p and raising CXCL12.

TL;DR: This review highlights the significance of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathway in cancer and assesses its potential as a therapeutic target and discusses ongoing efforts aimed at overcoming obstacles.

TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of teleostean leptin structure and mechanism of action is presented, and the available knowledge on the role of this hormone in food intake regulation in teleost fish, aiming to provide a comparative overview between the functioning of the Teleostean and mammalian leptin systems.

TL;DR: These changes in adipose tissues are associated with impaired insulin signaling in mice subjected to shiftwork, together with suppression of the mTOR signaling pathway, and are identified as significant adipose depot dysfunctions induced by chronic shiftwork regimen.

TL;DR: A review and discussion on the current knowledge on RBP4 with a focus on its role in the pathogenesis of obesity comorbid diseases is presented in this paper, where the authors aim to review and discuss the current state of the art.

TL;DR: An updated review on EDC mixtures and their impact on testicular function and fertility is presented in this paper, highlighting new findings that illustrate the anti-androgenic capabilities of EDCs mixtures.

TL;DR: The development of the adult human adrenal cortex is complex and not fully understood as discussed by the authors, however, the development of this indispensable organ is complex, and it consists of three histologically distinct and functionally specialized zones.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of 30 days SPX treatment of mice with experimentally induced obesity (DIO) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on serum glucose and lipid levels, insulin sensitivity and hormonal profile (insulin, glucagon, adiponectin, leptin, TNF alpha, IL-6 and IL-1β) are characterized.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss a number of advances that provide a better understanding of the complex mechanistic basis for resistance to endocrine therapy as well as future therapeutic maneuvers that may break this resistance.

TL;DR: This review highlights studies on GH activation of SFKs and the important outcome of this signalling pathway with a focus on the different degradation mechanisms that can regulate GHR availability since this is an area that warrants further study considering its role in tumour progression.

TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper explored the function of lncRNA H19 in estrogen-induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and found that lnc RNA H19 caused a decrease in the expression of miR-532-3p.

TL;DR: The link between resistin and obesity/insulin resistance is still a matter of debate and needs more epidemiological studies as mentioned in this paper, however, strong pieces of evidence clearly associated high resistin plasma levels to obesity and insulin resistance suggesting that resistin could play an important role in the onset and progression of obesity via resistin-induced inflammation.

TL;DR: A detailed analysis of pathways and targets for downmodulation of anti-inflammatory responses constitutes a novel frontier in renin-angiotensin system (RAS) research as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Natural compounds as γOz can be considered a coadjutant therapy to prevent the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients with obesity conditions.

TL;DR: Results are consistent with the presence of a photoperiod-driven seasonal clock in fish which involves pituitary TSH, brain DIO2 and the subsequent production of T3, supporting the hypothesis that this is a common feature ofPhotoperiodic regulation of seasonality in vertebrates.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of studies reporting human sex differences of thermogenic adipose tissue and related potential improvements of systemic energy metabolism is presented, which may assist to establish molecular mechanisms and instruct future investigations in humans.

TL;DR: In this article, a review on the response of testicular cells to heat stress is presented, specifically regarding the relevant contributions of heat, germ cell depletion and inflammatory reactions on the functions of Sertoli and Leydig cells.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline the scientific progress made from the first clinical definition of androgen insensitivity syndrome over biochemical and molecular characterizations to the concept of AIS type II.

TL;DR: A review of the history of the discovery and elucidation of the three cloned 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) enzymes in the human is given in this paper.

TL;DR: Raman spectroscopy combined with advanced machine-learning algorithms have potential to analyze and characterize patients with PCOS and showed differences in the follicular fluid between the non-PCOS and PCOS groups.

TL;DR: The three main lactation-related hormones (PRL, GH, and E) are reviewed, and their regulation by the hypothalamus-pituitary axis and how they influence lactation are summarized.

TL;DR: Clinical and experimental evidence of GH insensitivity in patients with Noonan syndrome and other RASopathies is discussed, as well as their molecular basis.

TL;DR: In this article, the complex activity of CYP17A1 is discussed, including its role in both the classical and backdoor steroidogenic pathways and the complex chemistry it carries out to perform both a hydroxylation reaction and a carbon-carbon cleavage, or lyase reaction.