Showing papers in "Neurochemistry International in 1983"

TL;DR: Gangliosides may regulate cell growth and nerve sprouting, suggesting the potential therapeutic value for some neurological disorders and current ganglioside research is more rapidly growing largely due to advancing methodologies.

TL;DR: Fasciculins represent a new type of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors provoking muscle fasciculations through a powerful inhibition of enzyme activity at the neuromuscular end-plate, interfering with the normal degradative activity of the acetylCholine molecule.

TL;DR: The results suggest that 5-hydroxytryptamine is the transmitter of a set of amacrine cells in cold-blooded vertebrates and perhaps also in birds.

TL;DR: Cholecystokinin carboxyterminal octa- and tetrapeptide concentrations have been measured in rat brain by a combination of high pressure liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay and a peptide with the properties of CholecyStokinin octapeptide in its nonsulfated form could be detected in concentrations similar to those of the tetrapedptide.

TL;DR: It is argued that functional experiments present few, if any, difficulties not already inherent in static analyses of autopsy material and some procedures which help to minimise these difficulties are outlined.

TL;DR: P-Chloromercuribenzoate was the most effective inhibitor of CCK-8 degradation by synaptosomal peptidases at the concentrations tested and may be important in the regulation of levels of the neuropeptide CCk-8 at the synapse.

TL;DR: Recent evidences indicate that biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin and that of biogenic monoamines may be regulated each other.

TL;DR: It is suggested that during depolarization a Ca(2+)-dependent event occurs at the striatal membrane level which changes the sensitivity of the dopamine release process to neuroexcitatory aminoacids in such a way as to render it relatively more specific and stereoselective towards l-glutamate stimulation.

TL;DR: The results suggest that changes in extracellular ascorbate levels in the brain are not secondary to changes in the supply of ascorBate from the blood; they arise from the modulation in asCorbate release from, and/or the uptake into, neuropil.

TL;DR: In response to a high protein meal, plasma levels of alanine, cysteine and methionine rose significantly less for the no grand mal group compared to the control group, and those suffering from epilepsies other than grand mal showed similar changes except for lysine.

TL;DR: The results suggested that glutamate required for the formation of glutamine in astrocytes might have its origin in nerve endings and the depletion of citric acid cycle intermediates might occur in nerve Ending at least in acute ammonia toxicity.

TL;DR: Rat brain synaptosomes prelabeled with [(14)C]arachidonate in their phospholipids were superfused with well oxygenated Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate solution containing 0.2% BSA and depolarized by elevating the K(+) concentration in the superfusion medium, indicating that deacylation of membrane lipids is involved in synaptic functions.

TL;DR: The therapeutic action of antidepressant drugs cannot generally be related to postsynaptic adaptive changes in the sensitivity of the noradrenergic adenylate cyclase receptor system, and it appears that the cAMP generating system in various rat strains and possibly in different animal species may be important factors determining whether ?

TL;DR: The results presented in this paper strongly suggest that esterification of PLP takes place in the myelin membrane or at a site very close to it.

TL;DR: The saturable and specific high-affinity uptake of serotonin was studied in slices from the hippocampus, parietal cortex, septum-preoptic area, and hypothalamus of male 2, 6, 12 and 24-32 month old C57BL/6N mice, and results are discussed in relationship to the reported age effects on the intrinsic neurons of the hippocampus.

TL;DR: The most recent data concerning benzodiazepine receptors suggest that the endogenous ligand would be, if it exists, a benzidiazepine-like compound (agonist) with an indolic structure.

TL;DR: Examination of neurotransmitter receptors in the hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex one month after the implantation revealed that estrogenization was associated with an increased density of H-domperidone binding sites in the striatum, and the enhancing effect of GABA on (3)H-flunitrazepam binding was markedly reduced in brain membranes from estrogenized animals.

TL;DR: Membrane vesicles derived from synaptic plasma membranes have been isolated from insect nervous tissue and inhibition by proton ionophores and stimulation by valinomycin suggest that choline uptake is an electrogenic process which is optimal in the presence of a membrane potential.

TL;DR: The alpha(2) receptor of neocortex and cerebellum was unchanged by either drug as assessed by in vitro[ (3)H ]p- aminoclonidine binding, and the efficacy of these two drugs in the treatment of depression is discussed.

TL;DR: Results show that enterochromaffin cells of the mucosa present similar biochemical properties compared to those described for serotoninergic neurons of the central nervous system.

TL;DR: A number of 2-phthalimidoethanesulphonamides, new derivatives of the inhibitory neuromodulator taurine, were tested for their anticonvulsant activity in maximal electroshock seizure and pentetrazole seizure threshold tests in mice and certain lower N-alkylamides showed activity, methylamide, dimethylamide and isopropylamide derivatives and the unsubstituted amide being pharmacologically most promising.

TL;DR: The results suggest that NSE could be a useful and easily detected marker of neuronal damage in rat cerebrospinal fluid following mechanical lesions of the brain tissue.

TL;DR: The activation by A-23187 plus DBc-AMP was more than additive, suggesting the two activating mechanisms by Ca(2+) and cyclic AMP may be operating synergistically.

TL;DR: The results indicate that ?

TL;DR: It is found that in leg muscles dissected at day 12 in ovo from operated embryos, the total amount of AChE activity and particularly the proportion of A 12 form were dramatically reduced, and the possibility that this difference reflects the existence of two types of myoblasts is discussed.

TL;DR: The observed disturbances in brain cell acquisition of the Brattleboro mutant indicate a possible role for vasopressin in early brain development.

TL;DR: Various neurotransmitter-related biochemical features of the separated pigment epithelium and neural retina of the cow have been examined and serotonergic, adrenergic and opiate receptors appear to be present in this region.

TL;DR: It is found that depletion of putrescine and spermidine in chick embryos by inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity did not decrease the in vivo rate of GABA formation, showing that putresCine is, from a quantitative point of view, a negligible source for GABA in chick embryo brain.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a functional deficit in the GABA system may underlie the persistent changes in seizure susceptibility observed and be responsible for the decline in seizure sensitivity and reduction in CSF GABA levels.