Showing papers in "Obstetrics & Gynecology in 2012"

TL;DR: A new standard for monitoring severe maternal morbidity is proposed and increasing rates of blood transfusion, acute renal failure, shock, acute myocardial infarction, respiratory distress syndrome, aneurysms, and cardiac surgery during delivery hospitalizations are found.

TL;DR: The high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of trisomies 21, 18, 13, and monosomy X suggest that massively parallel sequencing can be incorporated into existing aneuploidy screening algorithms to reduce unnecessary invasive procedures.

TL;DR: Key points were identified to assist with reduction in cesarean delivery rates including that labor induction should be performed primarily for medical indication; if done for nonmedical indications, the gestational age should be at least 39 weeks or more and the cervix should be favorable, especially in the nulliparous patient.

TL;DR: Long-acting reversible contraception—intrauterine devices and the contraceptive implant—are safe and appropriate contraceptive methods for most women and adolescents and may benefit from increased access to LARC methods.

TL;DR: It is confirmed that massively parallel sequencing of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma is predictive of common nonmosaic autosomal trisomies in high-risk pregnancies and individual post–massively parallel sequencing risks for all women are estimated.

TL;DR: A clinically and statistically significant reduction in abortion rates, repeat abortions, and teenage birth rates is noted and unintended pregnancies may be reduced by providing no-cost contraception and promoting the most effective contraceptive methods.

TL;DR: New colposcopy terminology was prepared by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Federation of Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy after a critical review of previous terminologies, online discussions, and discussion with national colpos copy societies and individual colposcopists.

TL;DR: The 10-year relative survival for stage III is higher than expected, and this information provides the physician and the patient with more accurate prognostic information.

TL;DR: Legal induced abortion is markedly safer than childbirth, and the risk of death associated with childbirth is approximately 14 times higher than that with abortion.

TL;DR: The purpose of this document is to present the various methods proposed to manage preterm labor and to review the evidence for the roles of these methods in clinical practice and to Identification and management of risk factors for preterm Labor are not addressed.

TL;DR: Unless RRs in cohort studies exceed 2 to 3 or ORs in case-control studies exceed 3 or 4, associations in observational research findings should not be considered credible, however, these guidelines are not foolproof: strong associations can result when large amounts of bias are present.

TL;DR: Evidence exists to support delayed umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants, when feasible, and the possibility for a nearly 50% reduction in intraventricular hemorrhage, however, currently, evidence is insufficient to confirm or refute the potential for benefits.

TL;DR: The authors' multivariable results suggest that one additional woman would have development of prolapse for every eight women who experienced at least one forceps birth (compared with delivering all her children by spontaneous vaginal birth).

TL;DR: Women with subclinical hypothyroidism identified during pregnancy have an increased risk for severe preeclampsia when compared with euthyroid women, and this is a secondary analysis of a prospective prenatal population-based study.

TL;DR: Current theories of female sexual response, the epidemiology of postpartum sexual dysfunction, and the use of screening tools to identify women with sexual health concerns are reviewed.

TL;DR: A multivariable analysis of clinical data and biochemical markers in the first trimester did not identify a model that had clinical utility for predicting preeclampsia in a nulliparous population at low risk.

TL;DR: There was no evidence that offering women a 12-week standard exercise program during the second half of pregnancy prevents gestational diabetes or improves insulin resistance in healthy pregnant women with normal body mass indexes.

TL;DR: Postmenopausal hormone use in the United States has declined in a sustained fashion to low levels across a wide variety of patient subgroups.

TL;DR: Obstructive sleep apnea among obese pregnant women is associated with more frequent preeclampsia, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and cesarean delivery.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that a proportion of female infertility is attributable to subclinical PID and indicate that current therapies for sexually transmitted diseases are inadequate for prevention of infertility.

TL;DR: Future studies will need to determine the optimal nonsurgical management of atypical endometrial hyperplasia or endometrian intraepithelial neoplasia, standardizing agent, dose, schedule, clinical outcomes, and appropriate follow-up.

TL;DR: In this ovarian cancer cohort, the patients with type II diabetes who used metformin had longer progression-free survival, despite receiving similar treatment for ovarian cancer, after controlling for standard clinicopathologic parameters.

TL;DR: The use of daily educational text messages improves OCP continuation at 6 months over routine care alone, and this effect is strongest in the women whose follow-up took place while the text intervention was ongoing.

TL;DR: Improved health care provider education and IUD availability are needed to increase IUD use among nulliparous women and with infrequent IUD provision.

TL;DR: Teenagers and young women have high rates of LARC method continuation, and older women had slightly lower continuation rates, but this did not reach statistical or clinical significance.

TL;DR: Evaluating the data for diagnosis and treatment of APS finds that there is controversy about the indications for and types of antiphospholipid tests that should be performed in order to diagnose the condition.

TL;DR: Low-risk endometrioid uterine cancer criteria may be used to help guide treatment planning for reoperation in patients with incomplete surgical staging information.

TL;DR: Fluconazole-resistant C albicans vaginitis was previously considered rare, but 25 cases over an 11-year period are reported, indicating an emerging problem.

TL;DR: The outcome and survivability in severe sepsis and septic shock in pregnancy are improved with early detection, prompt recognition of the source of infection, and targeted therapy, which can be achieved by formulating a stepwise approach.