Showing papers in "Orthopedic Clinics of North America in 1994"

TL;DR: In this article, a universal system of geometric deformity planning based on the mechanical or anatomic axes is developed, where the place where the axes intersect is the center of rotation angulation of a deformity.

TL;DR: Dynamic malalignment that occurs during activities such as gait should be considered in evaluating the progression of disease processes as well as the selection of appropriate treatment modalities.

TL;DR: Although direct clinical evidence of a cause-and-effect relationship between malalignment and arthrosis has not been possible, substantial evidence from the orthopedic literature supports this hypothesis.

TL;DR: The range and variation of femorotibial alignment, the horizontal orientation of the hip, knee, and ankle joint line, and other pertinent anatomic factors of the lower extremity in normal population groups evenly divided according to gender and age are summarized.

TL;DR: Whether internal or external fixation techniques are used, appropriate management of the soft tissues is also a factor in the successful management of these severe injuries to the knee.

TL;DR: Standardization of positioning improves the detectability of axial-rotational deformities on comparison of AP and lateral views, providing more reliable indications of the need for CT than possible with nonstandardized short views.

TL;DR: The pertinent biomechanics are reviewed, treatment principles are outlined, reduction and percutaneous pin fixation technique is illustrated, and the major areas of controversy are highlighted.

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive physical examination and classification system for acute and chronic lateral ligament injuries of the ankle was proposed as an approach to this problem, with emphasis on the benefits of anatomic repair.

TL;DR: Treatment for chronic lesions of the peroneus longus tendon include rupture and longitudinally oriented chronic tears, perhaps with a fragmented os perineum.

TL;DR: An excessive prominence of the bursal projection in the posterosuperior aspect of the calcaneous constitutes Haglund's deformity and is associated with retrocalcaneal bursitis, and an appropriate rehabilitation program must complement the treatment to ensure the early return of function to the tendons and surrounding joints.

TL;DR: The authors present a review of the literature on this subject including assessments of variables affecting outcome including preoperative clinical and radiographic factors to be considered and surgical technical factors delineated.

TL;DR: The dorsiflexion osteotomy of the metatarsal head is presented as a logical procedure that is simple, reliable, not destructive, and capable of good results regardless of the stage of the disease.

TL;DR: Treatment for medial compartment osteoarthritis must begin with recognition of all of these facets through careful history and physical examination and radiographic evaluation and through preoperative planning of the location of the deformity, level of angulation, magnitude of the deformation, and plane of the angulation.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that malrotation is coupled with axial malalignment and both are associated with arthrosis of the hip, knee, and ankle and the prognosis ofArthrosis developing in a malrotated limb may be predicted.

TL;DR: The authors used cadaver models to measure the contact areas and pressures for the cartilage in the ankle and knee, as a function of the level and magnitude of simulated angular deformities of the tibia.

TL;DR: Most subcalcaneal heel pain resolves with appropriate conservative treatment over a period of weeks to months, and rarely surgery is necessary.

TL;DR: Femur fractures represent approximately 1.7% of all pediatric bony injuries, and most femur fractures were treated nonoperatively prior to the early 1980s.

TL;DR: In cases that fail to respond to conservative treatment and have well-localized neurologic findings, surgery may be indicated and the nerve should be minimally manipulated.

TL;DR: Arthroscopic examination of the ankle joint permits completeexamination of the intra-articular structures and provides information on treatment of soft-tissue and bony impingement, osteochondral lesions of the talus, and removal of loose bodies.

TL;DR: Posterior tibial tendon problems are uncommon sources of disability in athletes Awareness of the condition and early diagnosis are important to prevent disability and prolonged time away from sports Appropriate imaging studies will aid in diagnosis Tendon tears in younger patients are different than the typical ruptures seen in middle-aged and older adults Treatment must be individualized based on the type of tear and degree of deformity present as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Valgus osteotomy of the proximal tibia remains the treatment of choice for the young active patient with a progressively symptomatic varus knee and mild to moderate secondary osteoarthritis.

TL;DR: The prognosis of patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures and neurologic deficits has improved in terms of survival and quality of life since principles of timely fracture reduction, decompression, and stabilization have been implemented.

TL;DR: The past and present data regarding the evaluation and resuscitation of patients with concomitant pelvic fractures and hemodynamic instability are reviewed.

TL;DR: With informed conservative treatment, most ballet injuries will heal, but surgery is occasionally required.

TL;DR: A quick, simple, safe, and effective method of doing the high tibial osteotomy through small incisions using the Ilizarov apparatus is presented.

TL;DR: Open, semi-open, and arthroscopically assisted techniques for reduction and fixation of complex distal radius fractures are explored to gain an appreciation of which fractures can benefit from operative treatment and which techniques may be most useful for specific fracture types.

TL;DR: Once the diagnosis of compartment syndrome is confirmed, or highly suspect, fasciotomy should be performed without delay and the functional and cosmetic results are always acceptable if done early.

TL;DR: The combination of Harrington instrumentation and consecutive distractions is a difficult program but it has been the best answer for these complicated patients up to now.

TL;DR: The acute displaced intra-articular calcaneus fracture should be approached on a rational basis, and if one cannot obtain an anatomic reduction, the patient may have been better off treated nonoperatively.

TL;DR: Bone transport, along with allied techniques of compression distraction, offer exciting new treatment alternatives for the difficult problem of segmental bone loss from acute trauma, but these techniques are reserved for the most severe type of injuries for which treatment times are long and complications not infrequent.