Showing papers in "Public Health in 2020"

TL;DR: Interventions to reduce or prevent loneliness during COVID-19 should be targeted at those sociodemographic groups already identified as high risk in previous research, including young adults, women, people with lower education or income, the economically inactive, people living alone and urban residents.

TL;DR: People vary in their adherence to quarantine during infectious disease outbreaks, and public health officials should provide a timely, clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols to increase the perceived benefit that engaging in quarantine will have on public health.

TL;DR: Lower education levels and greater percentages of black residents are strongly associated with higher rates of both COVID-19 cases and fatalities, and Socioeconomic factors should be considered when implementing public health interventions in order to ameliorate the disparities in the impact of CO VID-19.

TL;DR: The evaluated rapid test is an IgG/IgM–based test for SARS-CoV-2 with a time to result of 20 min and the low sensitivity is recommended not to rely on an antibody-based rapid test for public health measures such as community screenings.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the factors associated with adherence to self-isolation and lockdown measures due to COVID-19 in the UK and found that having received help from someone outside the household was associated with better adherence.

TL;DR: This update incorporates recent evidence to inform the duration of isolation and precautions recommended to prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to others, while limiting unnecessary prolonged isolation and unnecessary use of laboratory testing resources.

TL;DR: The lockdown-related reduction in numbers of patients accessing the mental health service makes it difficult to help vulnerable populations during a period of time in which their mental health needs are expected to increase.

TL;DR: Pregnant women have unique needs during infectious disease outbreaks and could benefit from up-to-date, consistent information and guidance; appropriate support and advice from healthcare professionals, particularly with regards to the risks and benefits of prophylaxis and treatment.

TL;DR: A positive relationship between higher volume of airline passenger traffic carried in a country and higher numbers of COVID-19 patients is suggested and is relevant for public health authorities, community and health-service providers and policy-makers.

TL;DR: It is indicated that prevention campaigns that stress the individual risk in case of infection or the benefits of quarantine could foster compliance to quarantine protocols and public communications should focus on restoring trust among the population as trust is strongly correlated with the willingness to use a contact-tracing application.

TL;DR: Until there is extensive scientific data to support a maximum indoor temperature threshold, 26 °C may be the most suitable indoor temperature for at-risk groups in keeping with the existing guidance documents.

TL;DR: The public’s perceptions of the pandemic is examined, the extent to which participants have adhered to a range of recommended health-protective behaviours to prevent infection and spread of the disease is assessed, and whether anxiety about COVID-19 or perceptions related to the Pandemic are associated with greater adherence to these behaviours are evaluated.

TL;DR: Investigating how factors, such as the number of children, age, sex, the housing characteristics, and the adults’ job situation, can affect the percentage of time for physical activity during the COVID-19 confinement in Portugal found it necessary to find strategies to increase children's PA.

TL;DR: Counter to expectations, the overall level of trust in science remained static after the first several months of Covid-19 in the United States, though there is some evidence that political orientation was associated with magnitude and directionality of change in trust.

TL;DR: The evidence surrounding childhood vaccine hesitancy from the perspective of parents is summarized using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme to examine study validity, adequacy and potential applicability.

TL;DR: The readability of articles regarding COVID-19 and other diseases needs to improve so that the general population may understand health information better and may respond adequately to protect themselves and limit the spread of infection.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied economic theory to analyse a cross-sectional survey of those aged 30-49 years in Japan and found that people with higher altruistic concerns and sensitivity to shaming are more likely to follow social distancing measures.

TL;DR: Adequate psycho-educational interventions are necessary to empower the population in adopting the necessary prevention and containment measures aimed at limiting the spread of novel diseases such as Covid-19 and avoiding disastrous consequences both at health and economic level.

TL;DR: Investigation of differences in the frequency and types of engagement in sport before, during, and after the COVID-19 stay-at-home order in Tyrol, Austria found increasing sport participation in less active groups when comparing the pre- and post-CO VID-19 period.

TL;DR: The preliminary findings imply that women are more anxious than men; people are more anxiety about others than about themselves; their anxiety about relatives is higher than about strangers; and - that anxiety about health isHigher than about financial issues.

TL;DR: Public health policies need to focus strongly on reducing exposure to more 'toxic' gambling forms as well as increasing the availability of interventions to assist at-risk and problem gamblers and prevent relapse.

TL;DR: Ethnicity, population density and overweight/obesity were all found to have strong independent associations with Covid-19 mortality, at the local authority level.

TL;DR: With a series of worked examples for a notional population of 100,000 people, it is shown that even test systems with a high specificity can yield a large number of false positive results, especially where the population prevalence is low.

TL;DR: The importance of socio-political factors in disease control and the importance of bipartisan efforts in fighting the pandemic are emphasized and may have implications for the development, dissemination, and communication of public health policies.

TL;DR: Adults with obesity had significantly higher BMD than healthy-weight adults and general obesity was positively associated with BMD and negatively correlated with OP.