Showing papers in "Science & Justice in 2005"

TL;DR: In this article, the main principles, techniques and applications in forensic geoscience, covering research and casework in the UK and internationally, are described, ranging from macro-scale field geophysical investigations to micro-scale laboratory studies of the chemical and textural properties of individual particles.

TL;DR: A population survey was carried out to analyse examples of the coloured fibre population that may be expected to exist in both front- and top-loading domestic washing machines during Spring, in Sydney, Australia, to recover extraneous fibres transferred during the wash cycle.

TL;DR: Using the example of blue polyester fibres, this work shows that even within a very narrow segment of the whole general fibre population, many examples of a specific colour/type of man-made fibre taken from random sources can be compared and the chance of any two being the same is very low.

TL;DR: The versatility of isotope ratio mass spectrometry is demonstrated by reference to diverse case studies, using delta13C analysis to demonstrate that different masking tape had been recovered in two, apparently similar cases, involving the smuggling of money.

TL;DR: The most highly cited paper by far was by Kasai, Nakamura and White (USA and Japan) concerning DNA profiling and the application of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in forensic science.

TL;DR: The nylon fibres were indistinguishable when a range of microscopical and analytical techniques were employed; however, the viscose fibres showed dye batch variation when TLC was used.

TL;DR: An overview of a systematic approach to characterising and discriminating the inks of different inkjet printer cartridges using thin layer Chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with multi-wavelength ultra-violet/visible (UV/Vis) detection is presented.

TL;DR: Many suspected victims of surreptitious drug and/or alcohol administration may present to hospitals or healthcare centres and never come to the attention of forensic or law enforcement professionals.

TL;DR: The results showed that the greatest degree of secondary transfer occurred via short straight and long straight hair, with no clear pattern emerging between medium length hair (both straight and curly) and with long curly hair.

TL;DR: A target study was conducted using four different pre-selected types of commercial glitter particles to study the transferability of cosmetic glitter and the likelihood of transfer of one or more specific target particles was small.

TL;DR: The accuracy of 15 examiners' opinions regarding whether photocopied questioned signatures were genuine or simulated was tested, providing strong evidence that examiners can make accurate observations regarding the authorship of non-original handwriting.

TL;DR: Although blue wool is considered to be a common fibre type, 300 unique spectral shapes were identified by the use of microspectrophotometry alone, demonstrating that the dyes used in the dyeing of blue wool are variable.

TL;DR: Despite the inherent variation in the breaking process, the results show that using a statistical model it is possible to predict the number of fragments transferred onto a garment from the numberof fragments transferred to the ground.

TL;DR: Two-year-old AP test papers were found to contain sufficient DNA for short tandem repeat (STR) profiling, prior to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, the DNA was preferentially separated into sperm depleted and sperm enriched cell fractions.

TL;DR: The reconstruction of an arson scene, the analytical techniques and the results obtained are illustrated in this paper, with the aim of sharing with other research laboratories the current knowledge on forest fire.

TL;DR: In this article, a retrospective observational study evaluated drunken driving arrest records (n = 38,687) within Washington State during 2003 where breath tests were requested under implied consent legislation, and the overall refusal rate was 19.7%.

TL;DR: This case report outlines research undertaken as the result of a document examination case in which two envelopes were involved, highlighting that it is useful to examine envelopes.

TL;DR: In a recent case involving a tax disc on which the printed serial number had been partially removed, it was possible to restore and manually decode an obliterated bar code, which allowed recovery of the complete serial number of the disc and subsequent retrieval of the original entries.

TL;DR: Recording of the two Dallas police radio channels upon which the original NRC report was based reaffirm the earlier conclusion that the alleged "shot" sounds were recorded approximately one minute after the assassination.

TL;DR: A non-invasive method of mark location is evaluated and a new procedure for the handling of digital evidence sources which may contain "conventional" evidence is recommended.

TL;DR: It is concluded that a BAC alone is not sufficient to determine the capability of an individual to form intent to commit a particular act.

TL;DR: The first presentation 'Never a Monday morning feeling' was presented by Donald Cameron of Strathclyde Police Forensic Support and he informed us that it is possible to do a very important job in a serious professional manner, whilst at the same time enjoy oneself and occasionally have a good laugh.