Showing papers in "Science of The Total Environment in 1980"

TL;DR: The coincidence and co-selection of resistance factors for antibiotics and heavy metals in bacterial populations and the clinical implications of this have been described.

TL;DR: In this article, fly ash from a western U.S. coal source was added to a calcareous soil and an acid soil at rates ranging up to and including 8% by weight.

TL;DR: In this article, the levels of antimony, arsenic, cadmium, caesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, lanthanum, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, scandium, selenium, silver, tellurium, tin, tungsten and zinc in the kidney, liver and lungs of exposed workers in North Sweden, as well as from a control group, have been assayed quantitatively.

TL;DR: A collation of recent literature reports leads to the tentative conclusion that disulphide bonds in the cuticular proteins of hair are major sites both for the deposition of metals during formation of hair and for interaction with exogenous elements.

TL;DR: Freshly fertilized pike eggs were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 10 ppt for 96 hours and liver architecture was a almost completely lost.

TL;DR: The effects of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and toxic elements in sewage sludges applied to agricultural land are reviewed and attempts to relate forms extractable in a variety of reagents to their availability to plants have been discussed.

TL;DR: Recent progress and perspectives on cadmium health effect studies, cadmiam analysis in biological samples, and survey on the health status of Itai-Itai disease patients are described, including beta 2-microglobulinuria and intestinal tract impairment and bone metabolism.

TL;DR: The contents of the elements antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, tin and zinc in bone tissue from autopsy specimens of the femur of workers who had been exposed to a large number of metals in a smeltery and refinery in Northern Sweden as well as of a control group have been quantitatively assayed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of the influence of the influent metal concentration and of the effluent suspended solids concentration on metal absorption in the activated sludge process has been examined.

TL;DR: The IJsselmeer lake is a sink not only for particulate trace metals, but also for the dissolved metals; especially dissolved zinc, chromium and cadmium are held back in the lake.

TL;DR: The results obtained clearly show that all water samples derived from the river Rhine and its branches contain mutagenic activity as discussed by the authors, primarily with strain TA 98 after metabolic activation (rat liver microsomal enzymes).

TL;DR: A comprehensive study of the effects of agricultural land use activities on the quality of water entering the Great Lakes, 949 stream water samples from 11 agricultural watersheds in southern Ontario were collected in 1975-1977 and analyzed for organochlorine and organophosphorus insecticide residues which were currently in use in those watersheds.

TL;DR: In this article, the effectiveness of methylene chloride as an extractant to measure the oil content of oil-contaminated soils was examined and a method of extracting and measuring the quantity of extracted oil was presented.

TL;DR: In this article, lead, zinc, copper, chromium, arsenic and cadmium were measured in a sediment core from southern Loch Lomond for which 210 Pb dating indicated a sedimentation rate of 22±2 mg/cm 2 /yr corresponding to a mean accumulation rate of 0.36 mm/yr.

TL;DR: In this article, a specific, sensitive technique for the 24-48-hour measurement of tetraalkyl lead (TAL) in air is described, based on that of Hancock and Slater (1975), using iodine monochloride solution to trap TAL vapour with high efficiency.

TL;DR: In this article, the average levels of Pb, Zn, Cd, Ba, V, Ni, Mn, Cu, Cr and Fe were routinely determined at fifteen different monitoring stations during the period May 1972-April 1977.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the concept of hair as a monitor of endogenous elements is a simplistic one which is better modified by the pool model, the precise form of which varies with the element under consideration.

TL;DR: Improved contamination-free micro blood sampling and chemical analysis techniques were used to study the lead in blood levels in 100 Papua New Guinea children, indicating much lower Pb--B levels for children living in a remote area than the earlier commonly reported levels for similar areas.

TL;DR: Hair and nail samples collected from a population group in the Machakos District, Kenya, were studied for their elemental content using instrumental neutron activation analysis to illustrate the lognormal nature of the distributions of elements in hair.

TL;DR: In this article, the spent bleach liquors from a sulphite plant were investigated for their content of phenols, and 17 phenols were identified by gas chromatography and chlorinated trihydroxybenzenes were found to be the main components.

TL;DR: Sooty Terns from the population that nests at Dry Tortugas, Florida, were found to have substantial burdens of cadmium, mercury and selenium, suggesting that the heavy metals are being transmitted to succeeding generations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extracted muscle, liver and kidney tissue from small raptors (kestrels) by steam extraction into hexane and the levels of ΣDDT, PCB, PCN and PCT determined by carbon skeleton-gas chromatography.

TL;DR: Cadmium alone, or combined with selenium or zinc, increased renal copper; while the combination of cadmium and seenium increased hepatic copper.

TL;DR: In this article, the results for coal and fly-ash samples from four thermal power stations in India were analyzed and it was observed that exposure to the general population from ionising radiation originating from radionuclides from thermal power station burning coal is as hazardous, if not more so, than exposure to radions emitted from nuclear power stations of the type operating in India.

TL;DR: In this article, a variety of impacts that reservoir construction may have upon fluvial processes and channel morphology have been identified below fourteen dams located throughout Britain, and a range of associations between process changes and morphological changes may be observed below dams.

TL;DR: In this paper, the combined application of high-pressure liquid chromatography and field-desorption mass spectrometry has been used for two years to monitor herbicides of the phenylurea-, carbamate- and thiocarbamate-type in Rhine river water.

TL;DR: The present findings suggest that the oxidation state ofThallium does not influence its metabolism in vivo, and the similar biochemical behaviour of the different thallium species is probably related to a mechanism which transforms the different species to a single form.