Showing papers in "The American Journal of Medicine in 1999"

TL;DR: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia even in lean subjects with normal glucose tolerance, and genetic factors that reduce insulin sensitivity and increase serum triglyceride levels may be responsible for its development.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels predict all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a population-based sample of nondisabled older people.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided varying estimates of the risk of progression in chronic hepatitis C. The combined population data indicated that the disease progresses slowly over approximately 30 years, on average.

TL;DR: Women with childhood maltreatment have a wide range of adverse physical health outcomes, and women with multiple types of maltreatment showed the greatest health decrements for both self-reported symptoms and physician coded diagnoses.

TL;DR: In this article, the role of renal prostaglandin production for maintenance of stable renal hemodynamic function is relatively limited, however, in the clinical setting of reduced renal perfusion as seen in various forms of cardio-renal disease, dehydration, and the aging kidney, the adequacy of renal prostate gland production mediated predominantly by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and, potentially, by COX-2 enzyme activity becomes of major significance in the activation of compensatory renal hemodynamics.

TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis of 18 epidemiologic studies of postmenopausal hormone therapy and colorectal cancer was conducted and the authors found a 20% reduction in risk of colon cancer and a 19% decrease in the risk of rectal cancer for women who had ever taken hormone therapy compared with women who never used hormones.

TL;DR: Obesity is a strong risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux, although the value of weight reduction remains to be proven, and that family history was also a risk factor suggests that there may be a genetic component to the disorder.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the accuracy of the commonly used correction factor of 1.6 (P = 0.02) for acute hyperglycemia in 6 healthy subjects.

TL;DR: It is identified how future trends and cost-containment practices may exacerbate the problem of delirium and how education and awareness of its clinical implications can improve the quality of hospital care for older persons.

TL;DR: In this article, the structure, function, and regulation of these specialized molecules in atherogenesis are discussed, as well as their role in mediating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether bone mass in women soon after menopause was also associated with the risk of mortality in later life, and they found that women with low bone mineral density in late postmenopausal women have been associated with increased nontrauma mortality.

TL;DR: Although apoptosis was described as a distinct entity nearly 3 decades ago, significant advances in the understanding of fundamental mechanisms that regulate this mode of cell death were made only recently.

TL;DR: EarlyHeparin cessation was not effective in reducing morbid events in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and treatment strategies other than heparIn cessation alone should be considered in Patients with this condition.

TL;DR: Following a very-low-calorie diet, sibutramine is effective in maintaining and improving weight loss for up to 1 year.

TL;DR: Understanding of the pharmacologic basis for the differential actions of NSAIDs when prescribing them for pain and inflammation is important so that physicians can critically evaluate the basis for, and the emerging data on, COX-2-specific inhibitors and their potential role in clinical medicine.

TL;DR: Reminders about orders for apparently redundant laboratory tests were effective when delivered, however, the overall effect was limited because many tests were performed without corresponding computer orders, and many orders were not screened for redundancy.

TL;DR: If validated, these factors may identify patients at high risk of readmission and suggest that interventions, such as improved discharge education programs, may reduce unplanned readmission.

TL;DR: In this article, a critical review and synthesis of the available literature to estimate the proportion of adult asthma that is attributable to workplace factors was carried out and the median value for the attributable risk of occupationally associated asthma was 9% (25th to 75th interquartile range: 5% to 19%).

TL;DR: Several medications--notably acyclovir, sulfonamides, methotrexate, indinavir, and triamterene--are associated with the production of crystals that are insoluble in human urine that can lead to acute renal insufficiency.

TL;DR: The clinical and biochemical features of hereditary sitosterolemia, as well as its treatment, are reviewed, and the effects of cholestyramine treatment in 12Sitosterolemic subjects are summarized.

TL;DR: Occupational factors are associated with about 1 in 10 cases of adult asthma, including new onset disease and reactivation of preexisting asthma, which is significantly greater than published values.

TL;DR: Age and traditional cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the development of heart failure in the elderly and preventive strategies should focus on the management of diabetes, blood pressure, and weight, in addition to the prevention and management of myocardial infarction.

TL;DR: Greater body mass index in young men ages 20 to 29 years is associated with an increased risk of subsequent knee, but not hip, osteoarthritis, suggesting that cumulative exposure to greater weight during young adult life is an important cause of osteOarthritis.

TL;DR: The recent identification and molecular cloning of the mechanism through which parathyroid cells and a number of other cell types sense Ca2+o, a G protein-coupled Ca2-o-sensing receptor (CaR), has proven unequivocally that extracellular calcium ions serve in an informational capacity.

TL;DR: Coronary angiography may be warranted in young patients with myocardial infarction to define the anatomy of the disease and to permit optimal management.

TL;DR: In this prospective randomized trial using an intention-to-treat analysis, smokers with early COPD who were assigned to a smoking-cessation intervention had fewer respiratory symptoms after 5 years of follow-up.

TL;DR: Preliminary data from cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibitors suggest that they also affect renal prostaglandins, and the same cautions should be exercised with their use as with traditional NSAIDs.

TL;DR: S. pneumoniae was the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia, accounting for 25% of all cases, including about one-third of the cases the cause of which could not be ascertained with routine diagnostic methods.