Showing papers in "The Journal of Asian Studies in 1988"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse and evaluate the development role and impact of the state in East Asia, in both capitalist (South Korea and Taiwan) and socialist (China) contexts.
Abstract: The book analyses and evaluates the development role and impact of the state in East Asia, in both capitalist (South Korea and Taiwan) and socialist (China) contexts. It makes use of new research data on the mechanisms and impact of state intervention in East Asian development.
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TL;DR: For instance, the authors argues that the outwardly unitary symbolic character of the goddess Tian Hou concealed important differences in what various social groups believed about her, and that Tian Hou's empress of heaven can be seen as a symbol of social division.
Abstract: Historical studies of how myths and symbols change have only recently begun to emerge. They tend to stress the layered and historically stratified nature of myths, each stratum reflecting the concerns of an epoch or a particular group. Marina Warner (1982) has shown how the image of Joan of Arc has been differently interpreted by Nazis, nationalists, and feminists, among many others, and Jacques Le Goff (1980) has demonstrated how ecclesiastical and popular images of Saint Marcellus of Paris came to resemble each other but ultimately always remained apart. James Watson's stimulating study (1985) of Tian Hou, or the empress of heaven, argues that the outwardly unitary symbolic character of the goddess Tian Hou concealed important differences in what various social groups believed about her. Pioneering as they are, these works are only the start of efforts to probe the enormously complex relationship between change in the symbolic realm and historical change among social groups and institutions.
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TL;DR: Xinzeng XAHL 1886, 50:5a, this article stated, "The recent natural disasters and interferences with heavenly harmony [i.e., the droughts and famines of the late 1870s and early 1880s] are a product of the countless number of cases where no appeal could be made, where there were no impeachments of the delinquent officials, and where consequently the innocent suffer deep injustices in the underworld".
Abstract: Justice in chinese society was literally of cosmic importance Traditional Chinese thinking considered man and nature organic elements of a seamless cosmic web Injustice of any kind did not simply rend the web in one place but placed tension on the entire structure To restore equilibrium, the injustice had to be perfectly redressed, no more, no less To ignore the injury was to risk catastrophe As one late-Qing official wrote, “The recent natural disasters and interferences with heavenly harmony [ie, the droughts and famines of the late 1870s and early 1880s] are a product of the countless number of cases where no appeal could be made, where there were no impeachments of the delinquent officials, and where consequently the innocent suffer deep injustices in the underworld” (Xinzeng XAHL 1886, 50:5a)
74 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Williams Hunt collection of aerial photos in the Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, to study moated sites using aerial images of the city of London.
Abstract: Study of moated sites using the Williams Hunt collection of aerial photos in the Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford. Inventory, classification, discussion. 1986 London thesis.
59 citations
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TL;DR: The authors synthesize and make available important recent research on China's social and economic history, offering a completely new perspective on the four centuries from the Ming Dynasty to the Communist revolution, drawing on a wide array of sources.
Abstract: This is the first book to synthesize and make available important recent research on China's social and economic history, offering a completely new perspective on the four centuries from the Ming Dynasty to the Communist revolution. Drawing on a wide array of sources, the author clarifies the complexities of Chinese society, covering a wide range of topics from population trends, class structure, and religion to agriculture, commerce, and manufacturing.
TL;DR: In America, the copyright expresses our instinct that even creativity has its property aspect: we claim what we have composed as discussed by the authors, and there is a great tendency among us to be suspicious of anything unsigned, and pseudonymity is rare.
Abstract: In america we love to put our names on things. Everything from tree trunks to subway cars bears the evidence of our desire to announce what we are and own, and in the world of arts and letters the landscape is little changed. There the copyright expresses our instinct that even creativity has its property aspect: we claim what we have composed. There is a great tendency among us to be suspicious of anything unsigned, and pseudonymity is rare.
TL;DR: Sinology and the history of science have changed practically beyond recognition in the past half-century and many technical historians now explore issues for which anthropology or systems analysis is as indispensable as traditional historiography.
Abstract: Sinology and the history of science have changed practically beyond recognition in the past half-century. Both have become academic specialisms, with their own departments, journals, and professional societies. Both have moved off in new directions, drawing on the tools and insights of several disciplines. Although some sinologists still honor no ambition beyond explicating primary texts, on many of the field's frontiers philology is no more than a tool. Similarly, many technical historians now explore issues for which anthropology or systems analysis is as indispensable as traditional historiography.
TL;DR: Islam in the second largest of the worlds religions,numbering in excess of 800 million muslims, includes not only the fortyfive muslim countries that extend from north Africa to south east asia but also significant muslim communities in Europe.
Abstract: Islam in the second largest of the worlds religions,numbering in excess of 800 million muslims. the Islamic world includes not only the fortyfive muslim countries that extend from north Africa to south east asia but also significant muslim communities in Europe.
TL;DR: For example, the authors applies the "Leninist government paradigm" to the Chinese case and makes certain observations about the potential for "peaceful structural change" within societies that conform to this paradigm.
Abstract: Academic writing on the post-Mao reforms—as indeed on almost every other aspect of China since 1949—has been largely in the hands of social scientists. Much of this writing, moreover, has been done either explicitly or implicitly from a systemic perspective. That is, it seeks to understand the reform process as unfolding within a particular kind of social, economic, and political system and to infer from other reform attempts in comparable systems something about the course the Chinese reforms are likely to take. When Chalmers Johnson (1982) applies the “Leninist government paradigm” to the Chinese case and makes certain observations about the potential for “peaceful structural change” within societies that conform to this paradigm, he is operating from the systemic perspective.
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TL;DR: Anarchists publishing in small student journals in the years before the 1911 Revolution made a significant contribution to Chinese feminism as discussed by the authors, linking feminism to their call for a complete social revolution; they understood the oppression of women in China to be linked to modern class divisions and economic exploitation as well as traditional culture.
Abstract: Anarchists publishing in small student journals in the years before the 1911 Revolution made a significant contribution to Chinese feminism. They linked feminism to their call for a complete social revolution; they understood the oppression of women in China to be linked to modern class divisions and economic exploitation as well as traditional culture. They discussed the relationships among feminism, individual rights, and political liberties. He Zhen in particular severed feminism from nationalism, proclaiming “women's liberation” not “for the sake of the nation” but out of moral necessity.
TL;DR: Guanzi: Political, Economic, and Philosophical Essays from Early China--A Study and Translation as discussed by the authors is a collection of political, economic, and philosophical essays from early China.
Abstract: The Description for this book, Guanzi: Political, Economic, and Philosophical Essays from Early China--A Study and Translation, will be forthcoming.
TL;DR: For example, during the Bengal famine of 1943, the central and provincial administrations were intact, if under strain, as the Japanese army tested the eastern defenses of India as discussed by the authors, and the Bengal government had recently revised the instructions for bringing relief to those affected by famine.
Abstract: An estimated seven and a half million people died of starvation and related diseases in China, Vietnam, and India during the last half of the Second World War. This death toll reflected the severity with which the poor were affected by the combination of natural disaster, military imperative, political conflict, economic dislocation, and corruption that caused these famines. But famine mortality is also a function of the effectiveness of the relief system. The famines in China and, to a lesser extent, Vietnam, occurred in times of administrative disruption. During the Bengal famine of 1943, however, the central and provincial administrations were intact, if under strain, as the Japanese army tested the eastern defenses of India. Moreover, the Bengal government had recently revised the instructions for bringing relief to those affected by famine. The possibility of an ordered administrative response to the crisis means that the analysis of this operation provides an opportunity to make a contribution to the general understanding of famine relief.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors trace the development of ethnic relations in West Java during the period of transition from local government to Dutch colonial rule, focusing on changes in relations between Javanese and Chinese-origin elites.
Abstract: This article traces the development of ethnic relations in West Java during the period of transition from local government to Dutch colonial rule. Changes in relations between Javanese and Chinese-origin elites provide its subject matter, the West Javanese principality of Cirebon its locale, and the half century preceding the massacre of the Chinese in Batavia by the Dutch East India company in 1740 its period.