Showing papers in "Veterinary Parasitology in 1994"

TL;DR: Information on the medical and veterinary importance of the cat flea is presented and recent information on the environmental and host factors that affect its development and survival are discussed.

TL;DR: Faecal samples were collected weekly over a 3 month period from 0- to 20-week-old calves on an Ohio dairy farm, and examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts by a quantitative direct immunofluorescence assay.

TL;DR: Identifying genes which contribute to the variation in resistance provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance but more work is needed to determine if such genes, alone or in combination, account for a sufficient proportion of the variations in resistance to allow marker assisted selection.

TL;DR: A decrease in both the number of helminth species and in their infection levels as a result of a shift from non-intensive to highly intensive production systems is described.

TL;DR: These guidelines should assist both investigators and registration authorities involved in the evaluation of anthelmintics to employ comparable and standard procedures and will have the added benefit of minimising the numbers of animals needed for such tests.

TL;DR: Future developments in haemoparasitic chemotherapy are considered and, for trypanosomosis, the importance of integrating chemotherapeutic and chemoprophylactic programmes with control of the vector when drug resistance becomes a significant constraint is highlighted.

TL;DR: It is indicated that a rotational grazing system consisting of ten paddocks grazed in sequence for 3.5 days at a time may permit a reduction in the frequency of anthelmintic treatment of goats.

TL;DR: Moxidectin and ivermectin showed similar efficacy against adult cyathostomes, Strongylus spp.

TL;DR: The migration of tribal people has a direct bearing on the transmission of these parasites and must be taken into account in control planning.

TL;DR: In the course of 12 months, 1742 fresh faecal samples from grazing livestock, principally ruminants, from various States of Australia were examined for the presence of nematophagous fungi, finding 48 separate isolations representing various species from the genus Arthrobotrys and also 16 isolates of the single Duddingtonia species, DuddINGTONia flagrans.

TL;DR: Comparison of results with blood levels of drug to be expected in cattle support the assumption that the Chinese T. evansi isolates have more or less innate resistance to isometamidium under in vivo conditions.

TL;DR: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in pigs was investigated by the use of a direct immunofluorescence assay on two Ohio farms with different management systems, finding that the farm with porous concrete floors had a significantly higher Cryptospora infection rate in nursing piglets andGiardia infection rates in weanlings than theFarm with slotted and wire floors.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that the egg hatch assay underestimated the true incidence of benzimidazole resistance.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the source of the infection was oocysts that had overwintered on the permanent pasture and was of firm consistency throughout the trial.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that these two antigens, 15-17 and 23 kDa, are consistent targets of humoral immune response and can therefore be of great interest in studies of therapy/prophylaxis.

TL;DR: Skin biopsies from 204 Gudali cattle of the Vina division in the Adamawa highlands revealed microfilariae of Onchocerca gutturosa, O. ochengi and O. dukei in 85%, 51% and 8% of the animals, respectively, and for all species no significant difference in prevalence was found between male and female cattle.

TL;DR: This paper provides selected personal insights on the development of vaccines against blood-sucking arthropods, with particular emphasis on vaccines against ticks.

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that a practical means of orally administering nematophagous fungi to control free-living stages of nematodes in faeces may become an achievable objective.

TL;DR: If governments are serious about sustainable development, greater support will be needed for longer-term patient, multi-disciplinary research and environmentally friendly alternatives to chemotherapy, including genetic resistance of hosts, vaccines, and biological control show considerable promise and must be pursued.

TL;DR: It is suggested that antibody titres and pepsinogen values can be used for prognostic diagnosis, indicating whether or not control measures should be taken, and that levels of exposure are often very low on commercial farms in the Netherlands.

TL;DR: This paper surveys models of nematode parasites of veterinary importance, considering generic models of trichostrongylid infection of domestic ruminants, specific models of experimental laboratory infections of rodents, and a specific model of Nematode infections in wildlife.

TL;DR: It is concluded that peroxidative injury to the erythrocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of anaemia in trypanosomosis.

TL;DR: The destruction of erythroblasts, rubricytes and other haematopoietic cells resulted in anaemia without reticulocytosis, haemoglobinuria and jaundice, accompanied by panleukopenia of extreme neutropenia, lymphopenia and eosinopenia, indicated that this T. parva strain differs from previously described buffalo- or cattle-derived T.Parva infections.

TL;DR: PGE2 in the saliva was suspected of being a major component that inhibited the blastogenic response of MNC to a T-cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin, and the PGE2 transmitted into feeding sites was suspected to be sufficient to produce physiological effects on the bovine host.

TL;DR: The influence of a number of factors on the prevalence and transmission of parasitic infections in nomads is discussed and relevant information that needs to be acquired to develop appropriate practical and cost-effective health and veterinary care and control programmes is outlined.

TL;DR: The results show that whatever the serum antibody titers were, the specific C. parvum circulating antibodies have no influence on the control of cryptosporidiosis.

TL;DR: Evaluated the influence of soil texture in the recovery of T. canis eggs with the centrifugal flotation technique of Dada and found sodium dichromate solution was more efficient for recovering T.Canis eggs, regardless of the soil texture.

TL;DR: Insight is provided into the origins of T. evansi and RFLP may be a useful means of distinguishing closely related trypanosomes, and the patterns of isolates from different provinces in China were identical, but differed from T. Brucei brucei.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that there is a direct relationship between rainfall and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal nematodes.

TL;DR: The traditional approach using live, attenuated parasites continues to provide effective vaccines against several protozoan and nematode parasites and a review examines the successful approaches taken towards the development of effective anti-parasite vaccines and the vaccines which have been produced to date.