A Concise Review of Gradient Models in Mechanics and Physics
TLDR
In this article, a weakly nonlocal or gradient model for elasticity, diffusion and plasticity is proposed, with a possible connection to the strong force of elementary particle physics.Abstract:
The various mathematical models developed over the years to interpret the behavior of materials and corresponding processes they undergo, were based on observations and experiments made at that time. Classical laws for solids (Hooke) and fluids (Navier-Stokes) formed the basis of current technology. The discovery of new phenomena with the aid of novel developed experimental probes have led to various modifications of these laws, especially at small scales. The emergence of nanotechnology is ultimately connected with the design of novel tools for observation and measurements, as well as the development of new methods and approaches for quantification and understanding. The paper first reviews the author’s previously developed weakly nonlocal or gradient models for elasticity, diffusion and plasticity. It then proposes a similar extension for fluids and electrodynamics. Finally, it suggests a gradient modification of Newton’s law of gravity, with a possible connection to the strong force of elementary particle physics.read more
Citations
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Mechanism-based Strain Gradient Plasticity 를 이용한 나노 인덴테이션의 해석
TL;DR: In this paper, the Mechanism based Strain Gradient (MSG) plasticity is proposed to analyze the non-uniform deformation behavior in micro/nano scale.
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Non-local criteria for the borehole problem: Gradient Elasticity versus Finite Fracture Mechanics
TL;DR: In this paper, two nonlocal approaches are applied to the borehole geometry, which is simply modelled as a circular hole in an infinite elastic medium, subjected to remote biaxial loading and/or internal pressure.
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Effects of strain gradient and electromagnetic field gradient on potential and field distributions of multiferroic fibrous composites
Geng En Li,Hsin-Yi Kuo +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of strain gradient, electric field gradient, and magnetic field gradient on the potential and field distributions of multiferroic fibrous composites subjected to generalized anti-plane shear deformation was investigated.
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Hadronization via gravitational confinement of fast neutrinos: Mechanics at fm distances
TL;DR: In this article , a summary of the rotating Lepton model of composite particles is presented, which is a Bohr-type model using gravity rather than electrostatic attraction as the centripetal force and examines the formation of hadrons via the rotational motion of three gravitating relativistic neutrinos.
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From Gradient Elasticity to Gradient Interatomic Potentials: The Case-Study of Gradient London Potential
TL;DR: It turns out that the suggested internal length gradient (ILG) generalization of London’s potential generates both an “attractive” and a “repulsive” branch, and by adjusting the corresponding gradient parameters, the behavior of the empirical Lennard-Jones potentials is theoretically captured.
References
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Free Energy of a Nonuniform System. I. Interfacial Free Energy
John W. Cahn,John E. Hilliard +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the thickness of the interface increases with increasing temperature and becomes infinite at the critical temperature Tc, and that at a temperature T just below Tc the interfacial free energy σ is proportional to (T c −T) 3 2.
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Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: A law for strain gradient plasticity
William D. Nix,Huajian Gao +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the indentation size effect for crystalline materials can be accurately modeled using the concept of geometrically necessary dislocations, which leads to the following characteristic form for the depth dependence of the hardness: H H 0 1+ h ∗ h where H is the hardness for a given depth of indentation, h, H 0 is a characteristic length that depends on the shape of the indenter, the shear modulus and H 0.
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Mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity— I. Theory
TL;DR: In this paper, a mechanism-based theory of strain gradient plasticity is proposed based on a multiscale framework linking the microscale notion of statistically stored and geometrically necessary dislocations to the mesoscale notion of plastic strain and strain gradient.