Journal ArticleDOI
A Review and Update on Cholangiocarcinoma
Matthew J. Olnes,Rodrigo Erlich +1 more
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TLDR
This review discusses epidemiology, etiologic factors, molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, with particular focus on recent studies into the cellular and molecular pathogenic of the disease, recent chemotherapy trials, and newer methods of staging and screening.Abstract:
Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm arising from the biliary epithelium that was first described by Durand-Fardel in 1840. Today, it continues to defy diagnosis and treatment. It is difficult to diagnose in part because of its relative rarity, and because it is clinically silent until it becomes advanced disease with obstructive symptoms. The worldwide incidence of cholangiocarcinoma has risen over the past three decades. There is marked geographic variability in the prevalence of this disease, due in large part to regional environmental risk factors. Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment, and high priorities are improving diagnostic methods, and clinical staging for resection once the disease is suspected. A recent trend towards aggressive surgical management has improved outcomes. Chemotherapy, palliative stenting, and radiation are reserved for patients who are not resectable, those with recurrence after surgery, and those who decline surgical intervention. Recent trials using combination systemic chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiation are promising, but require further study. Over the past five years, several important studies have yielded new insights into the molecular mechanisms of cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis. In this review we discuss epidemiology, etiologic factors, molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Particular focus is on recent studies into the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of the disease, recent chemotherapy trials, and newer methods of staging and screening for this devastating malignancy.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cholangiocarcinoma: Advances in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment†
Boris Blechacz,Gregory J. Gores +1 more
TL;DR: In the last several years there have been significant new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of CCA, and new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities have also been developed, resulting in improved detection rates and outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Liver fluke induces cholangiocarcinoma.
Banchob Sripa,Sasithorn Kaewkes,Paiboon Sithithaworn,Eimorn Mairiang,Thewarach Laha,Michael J. Smout,Chawalit Pairojkul,Vajaraphongsa Bhudhisawasdi,Smarn Tesana,Bandit Thinkamrop,Jeffrey M. Bethony,Alex Loukas,Paul J. Brindley +12 more
TL;DR: The authors discuss the molecular pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis and associated cholangiocarcinogenesis, particularly nitrative and oxidative DNA damage and the clinical manifestations of cholANGiOCarcinoma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma: an update focusing on risk factors.
Hai Rim Shin,Jin-Kyoung Oh,E. Masuyer,Maria Paula Curado,Véronique Bouvard,Yue Yi Fang,Surapon Wiangnon,Banchob Sripa,Sung-Tae Hong +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis of published literature revealed the summary relative risks of infection with liver fluke (both Opistorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis), hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus to be 4.8 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.8-8.4, 2.6 ( 95% CI: 1.5-4.6), and 1.4-2.4), respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI of the liver: part 2, protocol optimization and lesion appearance in the cirrhotic liver.
TL;DR: Gd-EOB-DTPA allows a comprehensive evaluation of the liver with the acquisition of both dynamic and hepatocyte phase images, and provides potential additional information, especially for the detection and characterization of small liver lesions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Classification of Hilar Cholangiocarcinomas (Klatskin Tumors) on the Incidence of Intra- and Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in the United States
TL;DR: The impact of ICD-O-2 misclassification on site-specific cholangiocarcinoma incidence rates was investigated using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program using a Poisson regression model that was age-adjusted to the year 2000 U.S. population.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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