Showing papers in "Hepatology in 2001"

TL;DR: The MELD scale is a reliable measure of mortality risk in patients with end‐stage liver disease and suitable for use as a disease severity index to determine organ allocation priorities in patient groups with a broader range of disease severity and etiology.

TL;DR: These guidelines have been written to assist physicians and other health care providers in the recognition, diagnosis, and management of patients chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV).

TL;DR: The current criteria for OLT based on tumor size may be modestly expanded while still preserving excellent survival after OLT, and only pT4 stage and total tumor diameter remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis.

TL;DR: Steatosis is an important cofactor in increasing liver necroinflammatory activity and in accelerating fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C and Visceral obesity and genotype 3a play a role in the development of steatosis.

TL;DR: There has been a marked increase in the incidence and mortality from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States in recent years, and this tumor continues to be associated with a poor prognosis.

TL;DR: Tumor diameter and number of nodules in correlation with the histopathologic grading were predictive of a vascular invasion only in HCC larger than 5 cm, which is a safe and effective long‐term treatment for small HCC in cirrhosis.

TL;DR: Radiofrequency ablation with cooled‐tip needle for HCC is associated with a high risk of neoplastic seeding, and has to be considered when selecting curative treatments for H CC or adjuvant therapies before liver transplantation.

TL;DR: PegIntron alfa‐2b maintained the clinical efficacy of interferon alfa'2b while preserving its safety profile and increased virologic response rates after treatment and after follow‐up, as compared with interferons alfa'; however, the higher rate of virolic response during treatment with 1.5 μg/kg peginterferonAlfa‐ 2b in patients infected with genotype 1 and high viral levels warrants further evaluation.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that the TNF‐α system may be involved in the pathogenesis of NASH and the levels of mRNA‐p55 are increased in the liver tissue of NASh patients.

TL;DR: Data in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B show enhanced seroconversion rates with extended lamivudine treatment, and up to two thirds of patients with moderately elevated pretreatment ALT achieved HBeAg serconversion after 3 years of therapy.

TL;DR: For persons who acquire HCV infection in young adulthood, less than 10% are estimated to develop cirrhosis within 20 years, suggesting community‐based cohort studies are likely to provide a more representative basis for estimating disease progression at a population level.

TL;DR: ASC and AIH are similarly prevalent in childhood; cholangiography is often needed to distinguish between these 2 entities, which are likely to lie within the same disease process.

TL;DR: Clinical, virologic, and biochemical features as well as the natural course of HBe-negative CHB have been reviewed, and the efficacy of IFN-α and lamivudine therapy as wellAs the problem of viral resistance to lamivUDine have been critically presented.

TL;DR: It is suggested that hyperglycemia and insulin are key‐factors in the progression of fibrosis in patients with NASH through the up‐regulation of CTGF.

TL;DR: D Dietary alcohol significantly increased liver‐to‐body weight ratios and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in wild‐type mice over high‐fat controls, which is consistent with the hypothesis that Kupffer cell activation by endotoxin via TLR4 is involved in early alcohol‐induced liver injury.

TL;DR: Endoscopic obturation using cyanoacrylate proved more effective and safer than band ligation in the management of bleeding gastric variceal bleeding.

TL;DR: It is concluded that chronic use of antiretroviral therapy containing PI together with reduction of alcohol consumption and maintenance of high CD4 count could have a beneficial impact on liver fibrosis progression in HIV/HCV coinfected patients.

TL;DR: It is indicated that genotypes C and B are predominant in Japan, and there are significant differences in geographic distribution and clinical characteristics among the patients with the different genotypes.

TL;DR: Lamivudine therapy was partially effective in preventing recurrent HBV infection when given before and after transplantation, and future trials using a combination of HBIg and lamivUDine are needed to assess the optimal prophylactic therapy.

TL;DR: A role of the double mutation in the basic core promoter in association with genotype C and a longer duration of infection in the aggravation of chronic hepatitis B is suggested.

TL;DR: Experimental models of liver injury and of hepatocarcinogenesis may call forth a cellular response at different levels in the hepatic lineage, and these cells have different potential to form cells of other types (plasticity).

TL;DR: Partial repopulation of the liver of immunodeficient urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA)/recombinant activation gene‐2 (RAG‐2) mice with normal human hepatocytes isolated from the adult liver is reported, providing proof that normalhuman hepatocytes can integrate into the mouse hepatic parenchyma, undergo multiple cell divisions, and remain permissive for a human hepatotropic virus in a xenogenic liver.

TL;DR: There was no increase in the rate of development of YMDD variants or L528M mutation in patients receiving lamivudine 25 mg daily or famciclovir 500 mg 3 times a day before being given lamivUDine 100 mg daily.

TL;DR: Once‐weekly PEG(40kd) IFN α‐2a was associated with a higher number of sustained virological responses compared with IFNalpha 3 times weekly in patients with chronic hepatitis C, but had a similar safety profile.

TL;DR: The new consensus rt domain numbering system is genotype independent and allows investigators to number any previously and newly discovered antiviral‐related amino acid change in a standardized manner.

TL;DR: It is suggested that only a small minority of SEC and hepatocytes undergo apoptosis after 60 to 120 minutes of warm ischemia followed by 0 to 24 hours of reperfusion, and oncotic necrosis appears to be the principal mechanism of cell death for both cell types.

TL;DR: The results suggested that the RAS, especially AT‐II and AT1‐R interaction plays a pivotal role in liver fibrosis development through HSC activation, and both CA and PE may provide an effective new strategy for anti–liver fibrosis therapy.

TL;DR: The UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase, UGT1A1, is the critical enzyme responsible for detoxification of the potentially neurotoxic bilirubin by conjugating it with glucuronic acid and was effectively activated in mouse primary hepatocytes in response to phenobarbital.

TL;DR: A small improvement in survival of patients with HCC was seen between 1977 and 1996, but most of this apparent benefit is restricted to the first year following cancer diagnosis, raising the possibility of lead‐time bias.