Journal ArticleDOI
Acquisition of cognitive skill
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In this paper, a framework for skill acquisition is proposed that includes two major stages in the development of a cognitive skill: a declarative stage in which facts about the skill domain are interpreted and a procedural stage where the domain knowledge is directly embodied in procedures for performing the skill.Abstract:
A framework for skill acquisition is proposed that includes two major stages in the development of a cognitive skill: a declarative stage in which facts about the skill domain are interpreted and a procedural stage in which the domain knowledge is directly embodied in procedures for performing the skill. This general framework has been instantiated in the ACT system in which facts are encoded in a propositional network and procedures are encoded as productions. Knowledge compilation is the process by which the skill transits from the declarative stage to the procedural stage. It consists of the subprocesses of composition, which collapses sequences of productions into single productions, and proceduralization, which embeds factual knowledge into productions. Once proceduralized, further learning processes operate on the skill to make the productions more selective in their range of applications. These processes include generalization, discrimination, and strengthening of productions. Comparisons are made to similar concepts from past learning theories. How these learning mechanisms apply to produce the power law speedup in processing time with practice is discussed.read more
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The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance.
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Conflict monitoring and cognitive control.
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Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning
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The role of consciousness in second language learning
TL;DR: Schmidt as mentioned in this paper presented on the role of consciousness in second language learning at the 1988 Second Language Research Forum (SLRF) held in at the University of Hawai'i, USA.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory.
TL;DR: Tested the 2-process theory of detection, search, and attention presented by the current authors (1977) in a series of experiments and demonstrated the qualitative difference between 2 modes of information processing: automatic detection and controlled search.
Book
Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications
TL;DR: Anderson as mentioned in this paper constructs a coherent picture of human cognition, relating neural functions to mental processes, perception to abstraction, representation to meaning, knowledge to skill, language to thought, and adult cognition to child development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention
Journal Article
Controlled and Automatic Human Information Processing: 1. Detection, Search, and Attention.
TL;DR: A series of studies using both reaction time and accuracy measures is presented, which traces these concepts in the form of automatic detection and controlled, search through the areas of detection, search, and attention and resolves a number of apparent conflicts in the literature.