Journal ArticleDOI
An improved low‐pressure dc discharge
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In this article, the primary beam electrons are electrostatically confined in a low-pressure dc discharge plasma, which can substantially improve the density (300 or 400% in their case).Abstract:
We describe a scheme in which the primary beam electrons are electrostatically confined in a low‐pressure dc discharge plasma which can substantially improve the density (300 or 400% in our case). The electrons are heated to 2 eV with a fraction thermalized to ∼10 eV by the extended presence of the primary beam electrons. Ion noise observed was not changed substantially from that without confinement. (It was slightly better than unconfined.) The plasma noise is strongly dependent on filament geometry. We also describe a second electrostatic confinement scheme in which both the primary electrons and the plasma are confined, resulting in a further density increase.read more
Citations
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On the fundamental mechanisms of active screen plasma nitriding
TL;DR: In this paper, it has been proposed that the material sputtered from the cathodic mesh of the active screen furnace (auxiliary cathode) and deposited onto the treated specimens is involved in the mass transfer of nitrogen.
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Study of active screen plasma processing conditions for carburising and nitriding austenitic stainless steel
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used optical fiber assisted optical emission spectroscopy and a planar electrostatic probe to study the plasma in active screen (AS) and direct current (DC) furnaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dust-ion-acoustic Gardner solitons in a dusty plasma with bi-Maxwellian electrons
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the Gardner equation using the reductive perturbation technique to derive the hump and dip shape solitary structures of DIA solitons, i.e., GSs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generation of large-volume plasma by making use of multi-needle plasma at low-pressure
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described and investigated a large-volume plasma source at low pressure, which is an application of multi-needle plasma at atmospheric pressure stabilized by the flowing channel of a working gas through a highvoltage electrode operated by a AC power supply.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model for steady-state large-volume plasma generation
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple scheme for generating a uniform, steady-state, large-volume plasma is presented, where weakly magnetized plasma is created by direct ionization of the background gas by low-energy electrons generated from thermionic filaments.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magnetic Multipole Containment of Large Uniform Collisionless Quiescent Plasmas
TL;DR: In this paper, over 1200 Alnico magnets are used to contain a conventional discharge plasma produced by 1-20 A of emission from 6-48 small filaments at − 60 V.
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The Electron Emission from Thoriated Tungsten Filaments
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a layer of Th atoms absorbed on the surface of the tungsten can be formed by heating for a few seconds to between 2600 and 2800 degrees.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Removal of Thorium from the Surface of a Thoriated Tungsten Filament by Positive Ion Bombardment
K. H. Kingdon,Irving Langmuir +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of thorium sputtering from the surface of a thoriated tungsten filament was investigated. But the method of measurement depends upon the fact that by suitable thermal treatment a layer of thoranium one atom thick can be formed on the surfaces of the filament and that the electron emission of such a layer at 1500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} K is ${10}^{5}$ times that of the tengsten and decreases according to known laws with the amount of Thorium sputtered off