An inflammation-based prognostic score and its role in the nutrition-based management of patients with cancer.
Donald C. McMillan
- Vol. 67, Iss: 3, pp 257-262
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TLDR
The Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) as mentioned in this paper is derived from the acute phase proteins C-reactive protein and albumin and is termed the Glasgow prognosis score (gPS).Abstract:
Progressive involuntary weight loss, in particular the loss of lean tissue, is common in patients with advanced cancer and has long been recognised to result in a deterioration in performance status and quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality. The aetiology of such weight loss or cachexia is complex and involves both tumour and host responses. Thus, identification of patients who are or are likely to become cachectic has been problematic. In addition to a reduction in appetite and increased satiety leading to poor dietary intake, there is now increasing clinical evidence that the activation of a chronic ongoing systemic inflammatory response is one of the earliest and most important contributory factors to cachexia. Such findings help to explain the failure of simple nutritional programmes to reverse weight loss adequately in patients with cancer. In the present paper the development of an inflammation-based score is described, which is derived from the acute-phase proteins C-reactive protein and albumin and is termed the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS). Its value as a predictor of survival, independent of tumour stage, performance status and treatment (active or palliative), has been shown in a variety of advanced common solid tumours. The nature of the relationship between the GPS, appetite, body composition, performance status and quality of life of the patient with advanced cancer will be described. Recently, it has become evident that the systemic inflammatory response is also present in a smaller proportion of patients with primary operable cancer and is also predictive of disease progression and poor survival. The role of GPS in clinical decision making will be discussed.read more
Citations
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Tumor-Associated Lymphocytes As an Independent Predictor of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Carsten Denkert,Sibylle Loibl,Aurelia Noske,Marc Roller,Berit Maria Müller,Martina Komor,Jan Budczies,Silvia Darb-Esfahani,Ralf Kronenwett,Claus Hanusch,Christian von Törne,Wilko Weichert,Knut Engels,Christine Solbach,Iris Schrader,Manfred Dietel,Gunter von Minckwitz +16 more
TL;DR: The presence of tumor-associated lymphocytes in breast cancer is a new independent predictor of response to anthracycline/taxane neoadjuvant chemotherapy and provides useful information for oncologists to identify a subgroup of patients with a high benefit from this type of chemotherapy.
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The systemic inflammation-based Glasgow Prognostic Score: a decade of experience in patients with cancer.
TL;DR: The GPS/mGPS is the most extensively validated of the systemic inflammation-based prognostic scores and therefore may be used in the routine clinical assessment of patients with cancer and provides a well defined therapeutic target for future clinical trials.
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Role of systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer
TL;DR: Good evidence is demonstrated that there is now good evidence that preoperative measures of the systemic inflammatory response predict cancer survival, independent of tumor stage, in primary operable cancer.
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Systemic inflammation, nutritional status and survival in patients with cancer.
TL;DR: Systemic inflammation-based prognostic scores not only identify patients at risk but also provide well defined therapeutic targets for future clinical trials targeting nutritional decline.
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A comparison of inflammation-based prognostic scores in patients with cancer. A Glasgow Inflammation Outcome Study
M J Proctor,David S. Morrison,Dinesh Talwar,Steven M. Balmer,Colin D. Fletcher,Denis St. J. O’Reilly,Alan K. Foulis,Paul G. Horgan,Donald C. McMillan +8 more
TL;DR: The results of the present study show that systemic inflammation-based scores, in particular the mGPS and PI, have prognostic value in cancer independent of tumour site.
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