Antigenic structure of the influenza B virus hemagglutinin: nucleotide sequence analysis of antigenic variants selected with monoclonal antibodies.
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The complete nucleotide sequence of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of influenza B virus B/Oregon/5/80 is reported and amino acid substitutions in the HA1 polypeptide responsible for the antigenic alterations in laboratory-selected antigenic variants of this virus are identified.Abstract:
We report here the complete nucleotide sequence of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of influenza B virus B/Oregon/5/80 and, through comparative sequence analysis, identify amino acid substitutions in the HA1 polypeptide responsible for the antigenic alterations in laboratory-selected antigenic variants of this virus. The complete nucleotide sequence of the B/Oregon/5/80 HA gene was established by a combination of chemical sequencing of a full-length cDNA clone and dideoxy sequencing of the virion RNA. The nucleotide sequence is very similar to previously reported influenza B virus HA gene sequences and differs at only nine nucleotide positions from the B/Singapore/222/79 HA gene (Verhoeyen et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 11:4703-4712, 1983). The nucleotide sequences of the HA1 portions of the HA genes of 18 laboratory-selected antigenic variants were determined by the dideoxy method. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the parental and variant HA1 polypeptides revealed 16 different amino acid substitutions at nine positions. All amino acid substitutions resulted from single-point mutations, and no double mutants were detected, demonstrating that as in the influenza A viruses, single amino acid substitutions are sufficient to alter the antigenicity of the HA molecule. Many of the amino acid substitutions in the variants occurred at positions also observed to change in natural drift strains. The substitutions appear to identify at least two immunodominant regions which correspond to proposed antigenic sites A and B on the influenza A virus H3 HA.read more
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The Influenza viruses
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Cocirculation of two distinct evolutionary lineages of influenza type B virus since 1983.
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Evolutionary pattern of human respiratory syncytial virus (subgroup A): cocirculating lineages and correlation of genetic and antigenic changes in the G glycoprotein.
O García,Maria Jesus Martin,Joaquín Dopazo,Juan Arbiza,S Frabasile,J Russi,M Hortal,Pilar Pérez-Breña,Isidoro Martínez,Blanca García-Barreno +9 more
TL;DR: The genetic and antigenic variability of the G glycoproteins from 76 human respiratory syncytial (RS) viruses isolated during six consecutive epidemics in either Montevideo, Uruguay, or Madrid, Spain, have been analyzed, suggesting that immune selection may be a factor influencing the generation of RS virus diversity.
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Evolutionary pattern of the hemagglutinin gene of influenza B viruses isolated in Japan: cocirculating lineages in the same epidemic season.
TL;DR: An analysis of nucleotide and amino acid substitutions of the hemagglutinin genes of influenza B viruses revealed that new and some old variants could cocirculate in the same epidemic.
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