Journal ArticleDOI
Bacteriophage and the Toxigenicity of Clostridium botulinum Type C
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Two bacteriophage-sensitive bacterial cultures have been isolated from toxigenic Clostridium botulinum type C, strain 468C, after treatment with either ultraviolet light or acridine orange, and both were capable of infecting the nontoxigenic type C cultures.Abstract:
Nontoxigenic and bacteriophage-sensitive bacterial cultures have been isolated from toxigenic Clostridium botulinum type C, strain 468C, after treatment with either ultraviolet light or acridine orange. Two bacteriophages, designated CEbeta and CE(gamma), were isolated from toxigenic strain 468C. Both of these bacteriophages were capable of infecting the nontoxigenic type C cultures, but only bacteriophage CEbeta was involved in the change from nontoxigenicity to toxigenicity.read more
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Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion
TL;DR: The current review presents the available genomics and biological data on prophages from bacterial pathogens in an evolutionary framework to demonstrate that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving.
Journal ArticleDOI
Importance of prophages to evolution and virulence of bacterial pathogens
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the various ways by which prophages change the lifestyle and boost virulence of some of the most dangerous bacterial pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional modification of a 21-kilodalton G protein when ADP-ribosylated by exoenzyme C3 of Clostridium botulinum.
TL;DR: Exoenzyme C3 from Clostridium botulinum types C and D specifically ADP-ribosylated a 21-kilodalton cellular protein, p21.bot, was immunologically distinct from p21ras, and caused temporary morphological alterations similar to those seen after microinjection of cloned ras proteins.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Studies on the virulence of bacteriophage-infected strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
TL;DR: To be certain that no change in virulence had occurred during transfer to and from the lyophilized state, all of these strains were tested both intradermally and subcutaneously in guinea pigs, and all were found to be avirulent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conversion of Toxigenicity in Clostridium botulinum Type C
Katsuhiro Inoue,Hiroo Iida +1 more
TL;DR: This work has reported the presence of bacteriophages in six types of C. botulinum, and suggested the relationship between the toxigenicity and phage in ClostridiumBotulinum type E, though he could not demonstrate the phage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clostridium Botulinum Type F with Recent Observations on Other Types
C. E. Dolman,Lily Murakami +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of Clostridium botulinum Type F Isolated from the Pacific Coast of the United States
Eklund Mw,Poysky Ft,Wieler Di +2 more
TL;DR: Antitoxin serums prepared by immunizing rabbits with the toxoid of the nonproteolytic type F isolate neutralized the toxin of the Langeland strain, but did not show cross-neutralization with the toxins of other types of Clostridium botulinum.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for the active role of bacteriophage in the conversion of nontoxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae to toxin production
TL;DR: Additional observations bearing on the conversion process are presented, and possible mechanisms for the phenomenon are examined in the light of these data.
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