Journal ArticleDOI
Brain metabolism: a perspective from the blood-brain barrier
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This article is published in Physiological Reviews.The article was published on 1983-10-01. It has received 749 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Blood–brain barrier.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy. A critical review.
TL;DR: The purpose of which is to review the clinicopathologic features of CAA, emphasizing theories of pathogenesis and its importance as a cause of brain hemorrhage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative targeted absolute proteomics of human blood–brain barrier transporters and receptors
Yasuo Uchida,Sumio Ohtsuki,Yuki Katsukura,Chiemi Ikeda,Takashi Suzuki,Junichi Kamiie,Tetsuya Terasaki +6 more
Abstract: We have obtained, for the first time, a quantitative protein expression profile of membrane transporters and receptors in human brain microvessels, that is, the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Brain microvessels were isolated from brain cortexes of seven males (16-77 years old) and protein expression of 114 membrane proteins was determined by means of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric quantification method using recently established in-silico peptide selection criteria. Among drug transporters, breast cancer resistance protein showed the most abundant protein expression (8.14 fmol/μg protein), and its expression level was 1.85-fold greater in humans than in mice. By contrast, the expression level of P-glycoprotein in humans (6.06 fmol/μg protein) was 2.33-fold smaller than that of mdr1a in mice. The organic anion transporters reported in rodent BBB, that is, multidrug resistance-associated protein, organic anion transporter and organic anion-transporting polypeptide family members, were under limit of quantification in humans, except multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (0.195 fmol/μg protein). Among detected transporters and receptors for endogenous substances, the glucose transporter 1 level was similar to that of mouse, while the L-type amino acid transporter 1 level was fivefold smaller than that of mouse. These findings should be useful for understanding human BBB function and its differences from that in mouse.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blood–Brain Barrier Transport of Kynurenines: Implications for Brain Synthesis and Metabolism
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the saturable transfer of L‐KYN across the blood–brain barrier and suggest that circulating L‐ KYN, 3‐HKYN, and ANA may each contribute significantly to respective cerebral pools under normal conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drug Targeting to the Brain
TL;DR: The goal of brain drug targeting technology is the delivery of therapeutics across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), including the human BBB, by re-engineering pharmaceuticals to cross the BBB via specific endogenous transporters localized within the brain capillary endothelium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vitamin C Function in the Brain: Vital Role of the Ascorbate Transporter (SVCT2)
Fiona E. Harrison,James M. May +1 more
TL;DR: Ascorbate is proposed as a neuromodulator of glutamatergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic, and GABAergic transmission and related behaviors, posited to have potential therapeutic roles against ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington's disease.
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Amino acid assignment to one of three blood-brain barrier amino acid carriers
William H. Oldendorf,John Szabo +1 more