Journal ArticleDOI
Clock Synchronization Over IEEE 802.11—A Survey of Methodologies and Protocols
TLDR
This survey looks into the details of synchronization over IEEE 802.11 with a particular focus on the infrastructure mode which is most relevant for industrial use cases and highlights the different parameters which affect the performance of clock synchronization over WLAN and compares the performances of existing synchronization methods to analyze their shortcomings.Abstract:
Just like Ethernet before, IEEE 802.11 is now transcending the borders of its usage from the office environment toward real-time communication on the factory floor. However, similar to Ethernet, the availability of synchronized clocks to coordinate and control communication and distributed real-time services is not a built-in feature in WLAN. Over the years, this has led to the design and use of a wide variety of customized protocols with varying complexity and precision, both for wired and wireless networks, in accordance with the increasingly demanding requirements from real-time applications. This survey looks into the details of synchronization over IEEE 802.11 with a particular focus on the infrastructure mode which is most relevant for industrial use cases. It highlights the different parameters which affect the performance of clock synchronization over WLAN and compares the performance of existing synchronization methods to analyze their shortcomings. Finally, it identifies new trends and directions for future research as well as features for wireless clock synchronization which will be required by the applications in the near future.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Robust Time Synchronization Scheme for Industrial Internet of Things
TL;DR: R-Sync is presented, a robust time synchronization scheme for IIoT that makes all the nodes get synchronized and gets the better performance in terms of accuracy and energy consumption, compared with three existing time synchronization algorithms TPSN, GPA, STETS.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-Performance Wireless Networks for Industrial Control Applications: New Targets and Feasibility
TL;DR: An innovative approach for high-performance industrial wireless networks [wireless high performance (WirelessHP)] is presented, based on a substantial redesign of the lower layers of the industrial wireless protocol stack, with the aim of supporting the requirements of critical industrial control applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extending Accurate Time Distribution and Timeliness Capabilities Over the Air to Enable Future Wireless Industrial Automation Systems
Dave Cavalcanti,Javier Perez-Ramirez,Mohammad Mamunur Rashid,Fang Juan,Galeev Mikhail T,Kevin Stanton +5 more
TL;DR: An overview of the potential applications, requirements, and unique research challenges to extend time-synchronized networking capabilities over wireless and a classification of wireless applications and a reference architecture for enabling the integration of wired and wireless TSN capabilities in future industrial automation systems are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fog computing at industrial level, architecture, latency, energy, and security: A review
TL;DR: The purpose of this research is to show a systematic review of the most recent studies about the architecture, security, latency, and energy consumption that FC presents at industrial level and thus provide an overview of the current characteristics and challenges of this new technology.
Posted Content
Time-Sensitive Networking in IEEE 802.11be: On the Way to Low-latency WiFi 7
TL;DR: The key features of IEEE 802.11be are introduced and the benefits and requirements of the most representative Internet of Things low-latency use cases for WiFi 7 are reviewed: multimedia, healthcare, industrial, and transport.
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Research on LXI Bus Based on Wireless Technology
TL;DR: A Wireless LXI architecture is presented which includes the synchronization and trigger mechanism for the first time and performance of such an architecture in terms of achievable transmission rate and multiple-access capability based on WLAN and ultra-wideband (UWB) communication technology are estimated for the T&M application.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
A unified clock synchronization protocol for infrastructure wireless LANs
TL;DR: A number of practical solutions are first described that achieve synchronized operation in infrastructure wireless LANs, and their features are compared and a proposal is introduced that shows how they can be combined into a single, comprehensive solution.