Journal ArticleDOI
Composting Ecosystem Management for Waste Treatment
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In this article, a rational strategy for composting is developed based on the interacting factors of microbial heat generation, temperature, ventilation, and vaporization of water, and an interactive ventilation control system is used to remove heat as needed to prevent a temperature increase to activity.Abstract:
A rational strategy for composting is developed based on the interacting factors of microbial heat generation, temperature, ventilation, and vaporization of water. Because the heat generation results from decomposition of organic material, its rate should be maximized. Implementation is by means of an interactive ventilation control system to remove heat as needed to prevent a temperature increase to activity–limiting levels. The threshold to limitation is approximately 60°C. Since heat generation drives vaporization, the material dries as composting progresses. In contrast, current processes typically operate at 80°C; consequently, waste is decomposed slowly and little water is vaporized.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of temperature on bacterial species diversity in thermophilic solid-waste composting
TL;DR: In this article, a 4.5-liter reactor placed in an incubator maintained at representative temperatures was used to continuously thermophilic composting with a mixture of dried table scraps and shredded newspaper wetted to 55% moisture.
BookDOI
Microbiology of composting
TL;DR: A survey of fungal diversity in Mushroom Compost using Sequences of PCR-Amplified Genes Encoding 18S Ribosomal RNA was conducted by as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Moisture Relationships in Composting Processes
TL;DR: In this article, a deductive model of the effects of moisture on composting kinetics has defined these relationships based on fundamental physical properties and biological mechanisms and applied this model to experimental data from a manure and paper mill sludge composting system, demonstrating that the optimum moisture content for biodegradation can vary widely for different compost mixtures and times in the composting process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathogen Reduction in Sewage Sludge by Composting and Other Biological Treatments: A Review
TL;DR: In this paper, various biological methods to sanitize sewage sludge and the efficiency and efficacy of these methods in eliminating pathogens and parasites are discussed, and a conceptual approach is presented on the basis of epidemiological and ecological studies in order to assess the environmental and health impacts of recycling sludge through land application.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbiological degradation of pesticides in yard waste composting.
TL;DR: The treatment of municipal solid waste including yard waste must urgently be addressed because disposal via landfill will be prohibited by legislation, thus stressing the importance of scrutinizing current composting practices in treating grass clippings, leaves, and other yard residues.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Microbiology of Municipal Solid Waste Composting
M. S. Finstein,Merry L. Morris +1 more
TL;DR: The chapter reveals that there are many proprietary processes for the treatment of municipal solid waste by composting, which offer a variety of mechanical and structural approaches to the problems of aerating and mixing the composting mass.
Journal ArticleDOI
Composting process control based on interaction between microbial heat output and temperature.
TL;DR: The observations indicate that fundamentally there are two kinds of composting systems: Those that are and those that are not temperature self-limiting, which debilitate the microbial community, suppressing decomposition, heat output, and water removal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Temperature, Aeration, and Moisture on CO(2) Formation in Bench-Scale, Continuously Thermophilic Composting of Solid Waste.
D. J. Suler,M. S. Finstein +1 more
TL;DR: A compost production system was employed to supply uniform material for controlled experiments of factorial design and the cumulative amount of CO(2) evolved was maximal at 56 to 60 degrees C.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heat output of thermophiles occurring on wool.
TL;DR: The present investigation was undertaken to determine whether bacteria are able to generate heat outputs of this magnitude in wet slipe wool and results suggest that the bacterial heat output in nutrient broths is much smaller than in straw and seeds, but at the same time the heat output per cell in straw at 60 C appears unreasonably large.