Journal ArticleDOI
Cost and efficiency in the choice of matched and unmatched case-control study designs
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This study compares matched and unmatched case-control designs in terms of the precision with which one can estimate an exposure-disease association while controlling for the effects of a confounding variable to provide epidemiologists with guidelines and quantitative procedures for making rational decisions as to which is the more appropriate study design for specific research problems.Abstract:
This study compares matched and unmatched case-control designs in terms of the precision with which one can estimate an exposure-disease association while controlling for the effects of a confounding variable. Provision is made for the cost of the matching process by calculating the reduction in the number of controls that can be studied for fixed study cost. The purpose is to provide epidemiologists with guidelines and quantitative procedures for making rational decisions as to which is the more appropriate study design for specific research problems. The results indicate that when the cost of the matching process is negligible, a matched design is usually more efficient than an unmatched one. The difference in efficiency is generally slight, however, and is found to depend primarily on the strength of the confounder-disease association, the prevalence of exposure, and the strength of the exposure-disease association. When the cost of the matching process is not negligible, a matched design is likely to be less efficient than an unmatched one.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Selection of Controls in Case-Control Studies I. Principles
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical framework for selecting controls in case-control studies is developed and three principles of comparability are described, which can reduce selection, confounding, and information bias.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selection of Controls in Case-Control Studies: III. Design Options
TL;DR: Wacholder et al. as mentioned in this paper examined several design options available in the planning stage of case-control studies, including matching, control/case ratio, choice of nested case control or case-cohort design, two-stage sampling, and other methods used for control selection.
Book
Biostatistical Methods in Epidemiology
TL;DR: Biostatistical methods in epidemiology, Biostat statistical methods in Epidemiology, and so on.
Journal ArticleDOI
Principles of study design in environmental epidemiology.
Hal Morgenstern,Duncan Thomas +1 more
TL;DR: The principles of study design and related methodologic issues in environmental epidemiology are discussed and studies aimed at evaluating causal hypotheses regarding expos...
Journal ArticleDOI
Unconditional or Conditional Logistic Regression Model for Age-Matched Case-Control Data?
TL;DR: The results support the hypothesis that unconditional logistic regression is a proper method to perform, but the unconditional model is not as robust as the conditional model to the matching distortion that the matching process not only makes cases and controls similar for matching variables but also for the exposure status.
Related Papers (5)
On the need for the rare disease assumption in case-control studies.
Efficiency of case-control studies with multiple controls per case: continuous or dichotomous data.
Statistical methods in cancer research. Volume I - The analysis of case-control studies.
N. E. Breslow,N. E. Day +1 more