Open AccessJournal Article
DEET-based insect repellents: safety implications for children and pregnant and lactating women
TLDR
The available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of DEET-based products is reviewed and it is found that the evidence does not support increased risk in young children.Abstract:
Reducing the risk of mosquito bites is currently the only way to reduce the risk of West Nile virus infection. Methods for avoiding mosquito bites include limiting the time spent outdoors at dawn and dusk, wearing protective clothing and using an insect repellent. Repellents containing DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, also known as N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) are the most effective and most widely used. However, concerns have been raised over the risk of adverse toxic effects, especially in young children and pregnant and lactating women. In this article, we review the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of DEET-based products. The evidence does not support increased risk in young children.read more
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The Clinical Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention of Lyme Disease, Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, and Babesiosis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Gary P. Wormser,Raymond J. Dattwyler,Eugene D. Shapiro,John J. Halperin,Allen C. Steere,Mark S. Klempner,Peter J. Krause,Johan S. Bakken,Franc Strle,Gerold Stanek,Linda K. Bockenstedt,Durland Fish,J. Stephen Dumler,Robert B. Nadelman +13 more
TL;DR: These updated guidelines replace the previous treatment guidelines published in 2000 and list the doses and durations of antimicrobial therapy recommended for treatment and prevention of Lyme disease and provide a partial list of therapies to be avoided.
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Plant-based insect repellents: a review of their efficacy, development and testing
TL;DR: There is a need for further standardized studies in order to better evaluate repellent compounds and develop new products that offer high repellency as well as good consumer safety.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insect repellents: Historical perspectives and new developments
TL;DR: The history of insect repellent (IR) lends insight into some of the current scientific strategies behind newer products and natural products such as oil of lemon eucalyptus are becoming increasingly popular because of their low toxicity, comparable efficacy, and customer approval.
Journal ArticleDOI
West Nile virus: epidemiology and clinical features of an emerging epidemic in the United States
Edward B. Hayes,Duane J. Gubler +1 more
TL;DR: New information on the epidemiology and clinical aspects of WNV disease derived from greatly expanded surveillance and research on WNV during the past six years are reviewed.
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Impact of illness and non-combat injury during Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan).
John W. Sanders,Shannon D. Putnam,Carla Frankart,Robert W. Frenck,Marshall R. Monteville,Mark S. Riddle,David M. Rockabrand,Trueman W. Sharp,David R. Tribble +8 more
TL;DR: The incidence of diarrhea and respiratory infections doubled from the pre-combat to combat phases, and the perceived adverse impact of these illnesses on the unit increased significantly during the combat phase.
References
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Book
Medical toxicology: Diagnosis and treatment of human poisoning
TL;DR: The general approach to the Poisoned Patient Introduction and Initial Evaluation and Supportive Care.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites
Mark S. Fradin,John F Day +1 more
TL;DR: Currently available non-DEET repellent products do not provide protection for durations similar to those of DEET-based repellents and cannot be relied on to provide prolonged protection in environments where mosquito-borne diseases are a substantial threat.
Nelson's textbook of pediatrics
TL;DR: Nelson's textbook of pediatrics , Nelson's textbooks of ped Pediatrics , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Journal ArticleDOI
Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning
TL;DR: In this edition, as with the first, Dr Ellenhorn has tried to limit his references to animal studies and is very selective in his use of anecdotal reports.
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Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning
TL;DR: Part 1 Principles of poison management: the clinical approach diagnostic procedures gut decontamination elimination enhancement antidotes supportive care toxicokinetics the pregnant patient and natural toxins.