scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessProceedings ArticleDOI

Designing multidimensional cubes from warehoused data and linked open data

TLDR
A new multidimensional model is provided, named Unified Cube, which offers a generic representation for both warehoused data and LOD at the conceptual level and is shown how analyses over data from different sources can be carried out through a Unified Cube.
Abstract
A Data Warehouse (DW) is widely used as a consistent and integrated data repository in Business Intelligence systems. Under today's dynamic and competitive business context, warehoused data alone no longer provide enough information for decision-making processes. Business analyses should be enhanced by including Linked Open Data (LOD) to offer multiple perspectives to decision-makers. This paper provides a new multidimensional model, named Unified Cube, which offers a generic representation for both warehoused data and LOD at the conceptual level. A two-stage process is proposed to build a Unified Cube according to decision-makers' needs. As a first step, schemas published with specific modeling languages are transformed into a common conceptual representation. The second step is to associate together related data to form a Unified Cube containing all useful information about an analysis subject. A high-level declarative language is provided to enable nonexpert users to define the relevance between data according to their analysis needs. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed concepts, we show how analyses over data from different sources can be carried out through a Unified Cube

read more

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

01234535478933152359812
182105351150
5
53123!89821391
7""#"$%&
89821$51
'33(
)318&54
53123!89821391
7""#"$%&
89821$51
254'33(
9331121
53123!89821)15)8*2
7""#"$%&
89821$51
121'33(
+,-./01.234356763869:;<=>:3?58@3A>3BAC:DE3=>:C36>363
F<G>A>7:G736GC3AG7:H967:C3C67639:I<>A7<9E3AG3J=>AG:>>3KG7:DDAH:GF:3
>E>7:L>M3NGC:937<C6EO>3CEG6LAF36GC3F<LI:7A7AP:3Q=>AG:>>3F<G7:R7S3
B69:;<=>:C3C67636D<G:3G<3D<GH:93I9<PAC:3:G<=H;3AGT<9L67A<G3T<93
C:FA>A<GUL6VAGH3I9<F:>>:>M3J=>AG:>>36G6DE>:>3>;<=DC3Q:3:G;6GF:C3
QE3AGFD=CAGH3WAGV:C3XI:G356763?WX5@37<3<TT:93L=D7AID:3
I:9>I:F7AP:>37<3C:FA>A<GUL6V:9>M3Y;A>3I6I:93I9<PAC:>363G:B3
L=D7ACAL:G>A<G6D3L<C:DS3G6L:C3Z[\]\^_`ab,^S3B;AF;3<TT:9>363
H:G:9AF39:I9:>:G767A<G3T<93Q<7;3B69:;<=>:C3C67636GC3WX536737;:3
F<GF:I7=6D3D:P:DM3437B<U>76H:3I9<F:>>3A>3I9<I<>:C37<3Q=ADC363
Z[\]\^_`ab,^36FF<9CAGH37<3C:FA>A<GUL6V:9>O3G::C>M34>363TA9>73>7:IS3
>F;:L6>3I=QDA>;:C3BA7;3>I:FATAF3L<C:DAGH3D6GH=6H:>369:3
796G>T<9L:C3AG7<363F<LL<G3F<GF:I7=6D39:I9:>:G767A<GM3Y;:3
>:F<GC3>7:I3A>37<36>><FA67:37<H:7;:939:D67:C3C67637<3T<9L363Z[\]\^_`
ab,^3F<G76AGAGH36DD3=>:T=D3AGT<9L67A<G36Q<=736G36G6DE>A>3>=Qc:F7M3
43;AH;UD:P:D3C:FD6967AP:3D6GH=6H:3A>3I9<PAC:C37<3:G6QD:3G<GU
:RI:973=>:9>37<3C:TAG:37;:39:D:P6GF:3Q:7B::G3C67636FF<9CAGH37<3
7;:A936G6DE>A>3G::C>M3Y<3C:L<G>7967:37;:3T:6>AQADA7E3<T37;:3
I9<I<>:C3F<GF:I7>S3B:3>;<B3;<B36G6DE>:>3<P:93C6763T9<L3
CATT:9:G73><=9F:>3F6G3Q:3F699A:C3<=737;9<=H;363Z[\]\^_`ab,^M33
d:EB<9C>2F<GF:I7=6D3L=D7ACAL:G>A<G6D3L<C:DAGHe3DAGV:C3
<I:G3C676e3=GATA:C3Q=>AG:>>36G6DE>:>3
(%0 %
111$f82351225199341512g2121
115h319g8213191i35358354
13235354122(1359113399g
1i1$521591355232155
35141123g$991jklkmnkopqrstpmu0v$h3
453w12358933152359812(013235354
2159g5h182143123931h11
333121453w35( 51gx2349g
1331823512251i$33593535354
182315453w35$29g85511$
289921359813559g2123189391
1213121323512yz{(
|i15354823512259g212h31i1591}8312
5h35411i215323535( 23542153
h12$~pmpmjklku0v
z
321234518932
215399g3515511535119151
1(fg239g122354312$58182
89331523590511i1582135
1323535451iy{(h11$1915h1821
z
9351(4
501211353115212(083545
59g232$13235122895341542119
2124199821893535(1321235
h182150912113312112
19153535543822812$h3
1812113315g59g232(811$h1821
5099h213319235135(1
3115121h11505019213
1323512g859g21211hg12
3585331hg$h39312159g23222(
354121322812$8332189982199
1915351323535451i(3215$h1
11215h182158933152359035
85331hg535115159g1213319354
9548412135(3931159g23222
1323512$185331112153528959g
35981512921823512212(
5321$h11231415131935429835
h182150(1921351122
853g354998218959g212(32$h11351
5189893315235919$51pmsp$
h31252415131121535
21192812193545159g232281(&15$21
514151319354954841pmsp2$h1
21h241122uv52382212
3541513518911215355uv935411
191585331219982189(
1151122$132351235pmsp
5353542819135352223911
11315h199351132352(9311
123393g1h23352$h1119g1
535354pmsp839851935905h
593510212(fg39982354hpmsp5
1}8131$h115211123393g59gw354
h1821503585331hg(
1121132453w1299h2(&135
358128553541i918533159g2121
893912812(&135121521
893315235919354954841215189
135335251914395352pmsp2(
&135123121122839354pmsp
3115212351050352(
&135"12152211i1315922122152
15211123393g121512(&135

01234225275895074117585958557
0157523592151580290
!"#$
93%92%531981&1191730111051352'9
053121(95775572915798("$9225225
%5779352985229)57589529998212
24*+53,1593-'950./012'133912925
457131013972,15592475-'95834/56768'45769:;7<1
90;1=154129852 9359247539*53%450
9337017559982129>52,15015212-?2/012@/5'
:;AB4<690B/61C1D'0152129751%85550
74925015219*852C712935'501521
950:;AB4<6123%25047015219*852'958
EFGHIJK'LFMNH'FMNOP90.PJKGF 9301521
9*8575%75252979489718558)5015219*8529
857855823915725579875152%11
515785582C712935'5015219*85
EFGHIJK755982579489718558EQR181
751528590112%97585582LFMNH90FMNOP
)593121%8555019939*85)525751
529939*85%125852794897185582
592231950015212C712935'5939*85.MSP.
1384052755751529223195015852
79489718558,15EQRPT'9.QRPT90HQRPT-5
755758950015212
C1D("$1%8559159754250099
)5("$985052%710554
179124%%75531590588(17500531212
)5053121(9574225973790011981791
*91573%85597%572%5315257529852
9311152U13525V5135295%71917(
30111051351275513155534257219
315>%57153544249859573952)575121
157589121%2*5555%719311152905
3819133952'5053121(957*725219815
099257559815@A56W08957955%579475
933701<7671290<A456;71204715%71%5710
53%9)5975%4*812501CH/6/9J4X19
YA</X40/;8,Z[-
\
79'1312534775]^290970
%4*812481015219829121398099*715'9Z[
B/6/2161384052925
_`ab`cdefghibjc
]
,38255
05111k/<6215718-9052371*52
_`aldgcmednebodehp9 ,15 5924752- 1 758950
_`aqildjcibjnebodehp9,15015212-C712935'1
C1\5
_`aqghgcdh950J07@/619JW/5r121384052
129352
_`ab`cdefghibj1051150*dsab`t9909
\
%?VV]7V)V39*(099(34*5
]
591829*45%751>5297599189*85%?VV%751>33V
dsab`u,38152Dv(\w- 9312935_`ab`cdefghibj
758952912935
dsaxyz{xn{|}z~|{1912935
92231950B7@1527A52'958
dsa{|}n90dsazx{
C1\ >7935%4*812501Z[79
127131948155157973139805111
0152112'9015211Z[129(1579731398
335%)5414579489718558119Z[01521
1275%752550*
cbcagczbobjdoh9523598558
C712935'1C1]5971*452
dsaz90
dsa~z|2975942%531150794897185585
01521
dsa{|}n,3815\-
C1]1521OPGOFMET15Z[0925
U1355759182985293%55153%92
%7121529539359759'5053121(957
32482957815099259*45485%71352
5750*719875918572')120992512%4*812501
Z[w"$118525;16/709:;7<179%5
@1;<W/5B72195750*9;16/701;51580'
Z[w"$125839*489793572524250
39793571213248101521980582'815481%85
794897185582,15
_`badfdjidegep-11
481%8597591%92,15
_`baidegepnebodehp-
9052%5311391597591431292231950
9592475,15
_`bagssedsghdmjhibj- 54
Z[w"$3572259475248101521980582'
5053121(957920113481525>%8750175382439
235904553%85>29>,3C1w-

1234547899922594
29239 !9
9222!292"
222333229932
#$%& $5&4'8"98923
332999("2 2"
)894*# 2#2
92#2!#9"2+9 922)(
(29#99992
9292#4,9!2992 9
22)(!99299222
9929999-).
9#95994
/9292 !!29!
012324567894(9!9
222)(239894
///4,
:,7';
*
7/:<1
;
:/1/7
,
;7=
/9292 !2922223
33992292
0123245678944'233323239
29!99222
!292234
29229"9823
33 9292.99
22!22239>92.
2"9999?244@ !29
232992329
29!2992"232999
4/999!9
9922223332
92292999#
29#4<29929
22999923)894
ABCD2E41F2G16HIJ4EK6
LMNOPQMRPSQTUONV
SWOXWOQOPYQSYUOSQYWZTYZWOSR[SVPS
VPV\]QMQSV^MQSSR[S9929SRW_VPM`OLSMPSRPOSRWS
NZ\YMX\OSV__WO_VYMRPS\OaO\QbS'229252E41F2G1
FIJ4EK32399!2929
.9223?@929929!292
# ?@)2222 ?@92)
2222?@22224
cdefgfhfigjklj
LMNOPQMRPSQTUONV
SMQSVSYWMX\OSm
M
nopq
r
s
r
t
r
u >
vpq
r
2922w1KE4x
vs
r
222992oy
8
z
8
u 99y
8
62#
z
8
{29992929239#x
|39# 9829992}9
#2}89#x
|399929# 92}9929
292"239#2~KKE44 9~
8
!2999929223992
9~KKE444K6K2984 9
4K
8
4K
8
nz
8
~
8
4'29929
(
?
(
z
8
@295GE?
(
@4
vt
r
29KFEE42I66K1F2246921K64yK2G1
!2#93339299!2
#4-999"9"99y
y
6y
(
s
r
>?y
t
y
@?y
t
y
@y
ny
!29
9292#29"99?y
t
r
y
@?y
t
r
y
(
@y
t
r
y
(
4
dlj/92222?434
222@ 99#92)
899929 !299921K64yK2G1"
299!99#989#4
.9!233299252E41F2G16
FIJ4EK)89?41234@412229" 9
89#229929329924
12344<299252E41F2G1FIJ4EK4
/9292 !2#"9sqpt
29{s
2
t
!29299{s{t99
99222}924
BCD2E41F2G161FK1I46
'9229252E41F2G1621FK1I42
}29929229"9!)
9.29)94

0123451641458943
!"# !
$%
&'()*)+),*%-./0123451641458943"0
12"! !9
#
9
#
34
5
6
5
6
5
37$$8
9
:
6
;
<
=
>7
?
@
A
B
CD
12E666FG"!G9E8HIJ663
! !
K
G
5
G
8
"G
5
G
8
!6
5
L6
8
K
G
5
G
8
0062G
5
MD062G
8
CD
12"!N
G
5
O39P
5
"
G
5
!"# !O39P
5
!N
G
5
O39P
5
0062G
5
MQ
9
062
#
#
>O39P
5
RD
STUV41W130SFX3YJ329
/V41W130SFX35J329!
!!""!!$Z
"""!#
[#
"!8$
&'()*)+),*%\.%/V41W130SFX35J329]!
^_`abc7defg!0
12!"V41W130SFX3C
12^hi@
j
CkC@
l""C
12_hi
j
CkC
#
l""!
2395FE3C
12abc7def"3m8E1451614P
$/3m8E1451614P[
""$n
"3m8E1451614P29GG14o63p36
29GG3063p36$
q'rstu.%n""V41W130SFX35J329
!!!""
!!$v8!
V41W130SFX3!3m8E1451614P$$
abc7defwx$v"!!!V41W130
SFX3"3m8E1451614P! !
$@ !""8"
3m8E1451614P !vy$z$
{$|"V41W130SFX3 !
!!$N!
!$
%
{$|$2}"V41W130SFX38!$
B
:GE6~38164"
TUV41W130SFX3458943
/V41W130SFX31458943!!
"
$%
&'()*)+),*%.%iG
j
$$$G
l "
G
5
"@
5
062
!"!
V41W130SFX31458943"0
12"! "
!!!
3_0Q
9
062G
;
5>j
M062
12"3m8E1451614P
$5#
6
6
!
?
AMD062G
$
vy$2
Z{
z
v@v}/
v{v@
z
z!!
"V41W130SFX3!@ !"
$v[
!V41W130SFX3"!
!"@@$
/{$""
! " !
!
!$n!!"V41W130
SFX3 !j!
"! !$
n! ""
3mG6E898164FX3"
"""V41W130SFX3$
{$$2z!V41W130SFX3"!!$
n#
!"$n!
!"V41W130SFX3
3m8E1451614P
$n"#
"[5![
!""
53638164

0123435678914611036598936111651196
0381643564695383494555410513636
519559589134112356960996111519
930359 !"#$%
&1525815152144349 !#$% 32
11416494109959694149125621911
956311196211116031160381643564
'()*+ ,"-."/ 01"#21 ,+$34"5 ,0 6 +3+2""
791541009996089:91341092250365
0311685014;9209985015549412332850136
96911144103118365551251456036
058936&1031162141116935485013696914
36:796089:0589364891338544315969<19
41099369633109&551258134518=
031160994521445013496458103659
16132114169356392588568501369691
&185013696915 !"#$% 343216536
11443352511258118303816435691914
18100103698>=?@960?@A98>421894B2412356
CCCD413441530369 !"#$% =03116099
45214 91 9645810365916132256219
114169356=69810 E,20+3+2"1$% =3293849
923393612583693565941099369 !"
#$% F54136116356346110105134416
E,20+3+2"1$% 349589329593610113651
9649356141416103634412356
GH)I02J"3"KL'M"*1N J3"+2"3"OE,20+3+2"#$% "
&196458935659698>421893659256219
114169356941165540310036194
012901PQRS3621185013696915 !"#$%
251498303816435691914598>85014=1
96458935659698>42189365 E,20+3+2"1$% 34
T3149359096040514656110511191036
3491&19329659356451593610 E,20+3+2"
1$% 51U798>:7B2V3WD296156036V3X
YH)I02J"3"Z[\KL'M"*1N J3"+2"3"OE,20+3+2"#$% "
49611643565?@5299=]^_`abcd`ce_b`fg`
hijklmn`co`]f`po_`qrs`]tcuv_o`]f`t_ut_o_d]`]^_`afo]`
wfaafd`g_b]pt_o`fg`b`apv]ceca_docfdbv`afe_vx`yft_`
ou_wcgcwbvvz{`?@A98>beeo`wvboo_o`bde`utfu_t]c_o`|ut_gc}_e`
~z`
~jf
`]f`t_ut_o_d]`apv]cuv_`b]]tc~p]_o`|cx_x`b`ubtba_]_t`bde`
c]o`_b`b]]tc~p]_o`c]^cd`b`v__v{`^c_tbtw^cwbv`eca_docfdo`
c]^`apv]cuv_`v__vo`bde`]^_`o_]`fg`bt_b]_`gpdw]cfdo`
boofwcb]_e`]f`b`a_bopt_x`mil`x`c_o`bd`f_tc_`fg`]^_`
wfdw_u]pbv`e_gcdc]cfdo`fg`
_}uft]b]cfd`wp~_
o`bde`]^_ct`
wftt_oufdecd`hijklmn`]tcuv_ox`f]_`]^b]`cd`]^_`efabcd`fg`
lkr{`b`btcb~v_`o]bt]o`c]^`b`p_o]cfd`abtx`
&@8;C
FCVC;:
@;
9F;>&SF:
?@A98>
&
UC>8;S
¡¢£
:38164356
42189B¤038D
¤038
¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯«°®±²°³²´µ
811B¤D
¤038
§¨·°©¸¥¯¹«²¥²º¸µ
¤3192
¤3192
¥¦§¨·°©¸«²¥²º¸µ±²°³²´µ
¤3192
§¨·°©¸¥¯»¼½
¤
¡¢£
>99811
B¤99D
19931
B¤9D
¤
¥¦§¨·°©½¼½¾®¹«²¥²º¸µ
¤
§¨·°©½¼½¿°¬³°®®´
¤99
¤99
¥¦§¨©½¼½±²°³²´µ
¤99
§¨·°©¸¥¯À´´²«¨Á´
¤9
@369U19356
B¤3U1D
¤3U1
¥¦§¨·°©¸«²¥²º¸µÂ´³
¤3U1
§¨·°©º¸«½Ã»¼½
¤30
¤3U1
§¨·°©³¥²®´»¼½
¤>916
¤3U1
§¨·°©º¥²Ã«®¥½«´µ
¤2903693>91630
:38164356
C649621
B¤038C64=
¤038C64>916
¤038C64
§¨·°©«®»¼½
¤30
¤038C64
²Ãį©½¥¨½
¤C6430
¤038C64
¯Å°¯©¨²°¥Ã²
¤038C64>916
¤038C64>916
§¨·°©«®»¼½
¤>916
¤038C64>916
²Ãį©½¥¨½
¤C64>916
1 S2189
B¤21D
¤21
¥¦§¨©Ã¥´¥Â´
¤21
²Ãį©½¥¨½
¤21F981
¤21
§¨©¯´²Áº´Á²
¤21S21
¤21S21
¥¦§¨©ª¥´¥Â´²Áº´Á²ªÄ«®«´«°®
¤21S21
§¨©º°¬³°®®´
Ƨ¨·°©½¼½
¤U55
§¨·°©º¥²Ã«®¥½«´µ
¤29036931:38
Ç
¤21S21
§¨©º°¬³°®®´
Ƨ¨©¬¥¯Á²
¤81941
Ç
È1941
B¤81941D
¤81941
¥¦§¨©¬¥¯Á²±²°³²´µ
¤81941
²Ãį©½¥¨½
¤8F981
1C649621
B¤5D
¤5
¥¦§¨©É¨¯²¼¥´«°®
¤5
§¨©Ã¥´¥Â´
¤21
¤5¤038¤038C64
¤5¤81941¤91
@9410561&@8;C196491189:0994195
151491436596 E,20+3+2"1$% C49329
65935649145636V3Ê
ËH)I02J"3"Z["*1N J3"+2"3"OE,20+3+2"#$% "
?@3412167Ì496090534493432989:
C618458303816435691914=?@9540136361
421599239
§¨©ª¥´¥Â´²Áº´Á²ªÄ«®«´«°®
Í511=3051465451498131923294215
03816435694983038164356985010514C69
8303816435698501=9!J 62"61N J32514560459
31923294215419314915963<109225036
58319693114!J 62"61N J301361036
?@=5612569=8956256936561969311
39656731923293459314
9619536013192329193564311165
93143369?@03816435634555365!J 62"
6+31 6Í511=59363693192329!J 62"
61N J3589?@0994134654937590494341184
51V53649621=151
¯Å°¯©¸¥¯Î°³¿°®º³´
B5
§¨©¸«²¥²º¸µÏ°°´¯
3612941565674543192314D34=
25616356=4105369!J 62"61N J351+2,J26+
9313693192Í511=561256959
319236983038164356942189=1134653613
25649361652361+2,ÐJ26+25616356369?@42189
@25641T1621=343615536!J 62"61N J3=
3234432530016922503659830381643569
8501=3461111442564341631?@41233293564
ѩë¬Âº¸¬¥¦¯Å°¯©¸¥¯Î°³¿°®º³´¦Ñ©°®À´´¦¦
Ñ©°®À´´²«¨Á´¦¯Å°¯©¨²°¥Ã²¦Ñ©¥®°´¸²À´´¦¦
Ñ©¥®°´¸²À´´¦¯Å°¯©«®Âº¸¬¦Ñ©Ã«¬Âº¸¬¥¦
V923614134414=155411553695385
593696 E,20+3+2"1$% 589?@09941

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Efficient querying of multidimensional RDF data with aggregates: Comparing NoSQL, RDF and relational data stores

TL;DR: Experimental results show that pre-aggregation allows for reducing query runtime in all data stores, and Neo4j NoSQL and relational databases with aggregates outperform triple stores speeding up to 99% query runtime.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Enabling OLAP analyses on the web of data

TL;DR: A multidimensional modeling solution, named Unified Cube, which provides a single, comprehensive representation of data from multiple sources, and an implementation framework is proposed to enable unified analyses of warehoused data and LOD.
Proceedings Article

Value-driven Approach for Designing Extended Data Warehouses.

TL;DR: This paper conceptualize the variety of internal and external sources and study its impact on the ETL phase to ease the value capturing in the data warehouse (DW) era.
Journal ArticleDOI

Using Semantic Web technologies in the development of data warehouses: A systematic mapping

TL;DR: There is a major technological gap that inhibits the wide adoption of Semantic Web technologies in the business domain and interest in researching the relationship between DWs andSemantic Web has decreased because new paradigms, such as linked open data, have attracted the interest of researchers.
Journal ArticleDOI

The contribution of linked open data to augment a traditional data warehouse

TL;DR: This paper conceptualize the variety of internal and external sources and study its effect on the ETL phase to ease the value capturing and conceptualize a Value-driven approach for the DW design.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

A survey of approaches to automatic schema matching

TL;DR: A taxonomy is presented that distinguishes between schema-level and instance-level, element- level and structure- level, and language-based and constraint-based matchers and is intended to be useful when comparing different approaches to schema matching, when developing a new match algorithm, and when implementing a schema matching component.
Journal ArticleDOI

An overview of data warehousing and OLAP technology

TL;DR: An overview of data warehousing and OLAP technologies, with an emphasis on their new requirements, is provided, based on a tutorial presented at the VLDB Conference, 1996.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Jena: implementing the semantic web recommendations

TL;DR: The new Semantic Web recommendations for RDF, RDFS and OWL have, at their heart, the RDF graph, and Jena2, a second-generation RDF toolkit, is similarly centered on the R DF graph.
Journal ArticleDOI

Semantic-integration research in the database community: A brief survey

AnHai Doan, +1 more
- 15 Mar 2005 - 
TL;DR: This article first reviews database applications that require semantic integration and discusses the difficulties underlying the integration process, then describes recent progress and identifies open research issues.
Journal ArticleDOI

Generic schema matching, ten years later

TL;DR: A taxonomy of existing techniques, a new schema matching algorithm, and an approach to comparative evaluation are developed, which summarizes the new techniques that have been developed and applications of the techniques in the commercial world.
Related Papers (5)
Frequently Asked Questions (1)
Q1. What are the contributions in this paper?

In this paper, the authors presented a new approach to improve the quality of the data collected by the data collection system.