Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Pathogenicity, and Virulence Potentials of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates at the Yaounde Abattoir Using Whole-Genome Sequencing Technique
Chelea Matchawe,Eunice M. Machuka,Martina Kyallo,Patrice Bonny,Gerard Nkeunen,Isaac Njaci,Seraphine N. Esemu,Dedan Githae,John Juma,B.M Nfor,Bonglaisin Julius Nsawir,Marco Galeotti,Edi Piasentier,Lucy M. Ndip,Roger Pelle +14 more
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TLDR
The isolates of Non-typhoidal Salmonella showed a high degree of pathogenicity and possessed key virulence factors to establish infection even in humans, calling for the prudent use of antibiotics and constant monitoring of AMR of NTS.Abstract:
One of the crucial public health problems today is the emerging and re-emerging of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria coupled with a decline in the development of new antimicrobials. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is classified among the MDR pathogens of international concern. To predict their MDR potentials, 23 assembled genomes of NTS from live cattle (n = 1), beef carcass (n = 19), butchers’ hands (n = 1) and beef processing environments (n = 2) isolated from 830 wet swabs at the Yaounde abattoir between December 2014 and November 2015 were explored using whole-genome sequencing. Phenotypically, while 22% (n = 5) of Salmonella isolates were streptomycin-resistant, 13% (n = 3) were MDR. Genotypically, all the Salmonella isolates possessed high MDR potentials against several classes of antibiotics including critically important drugs (carbapenems, third-generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone). Moreover, >31% of NTS exhibited resistance potentials to polymyxin, considered as the last resort drug. Additionally, ≤80% of isolates harbored “silent resistant genes” as a potential reservoir of drug resistance. Our isolates showed a high degree of pathogenicity and possessed key virulence factors to establish infection even in humans. Whole-genome sequencing unveiled both broader antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and inference of pathogen characteristics. This study calls for the prudent use of antibiotics and constant monitoring of AMR of NTS.read more
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‘To be, or not to be’—The dilemma of ‘silent’ antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria
TL;DR: Silent genes provide an additional level of complexity in the war against drug‐resistant bacteria, reminding us that not only phenotypically resistant strains but also susceptible strains should be carefully investigated.
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Antibiotic resistance mechanism and diagnosis of common foodborne pathogens based on genotypic and phenotypic biomarkers.
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