Journal ArticleDOI
Distinct and Overlapping Features of Rumination and Worry: The Relationship of Cognitive Production to Negative Affective States
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This article found that worry and rumination represent related but distinct cognitive processes that are similarly related to anxiety and depression, and that worry has been most closely examined in relation to anxiety whereas rumination has traditionally been related to depression.Abstract:
Worry and rumination are cognitive processes, often represented as verbal or linguistic activities. Despite similarities in definition and description, worry has been most closely examined in relation to anxiety whereas rumination has traditionally been related to depression. This distinction remains in spite of high rates of comorbidity between anxiety and depression. This study sought to better understand the distinct and overlapping features of worry and rumination as well as their relationship to anxiety and depression. Seven hundred eighty-four unselected college students completed self-report measures of worry, rumination, anxiety, and depression. Items from the respective worry and rumination scales were submitted to factor analysis, which revealed a four-factor solution comprised of 2 worry factors and 2 rumination factors. A Worry Engagement factor as well as a Dwelling on the Negative factor emerged as distilled measures of worry and rumination, respectively. Scores on these factors were highly correlated with each other and demonstrated equally strong relationships to both anxiety and depression. Findings from this study suggest that worry and rumination represent related but distinct cognitive processes that are similarly related to anxiety and depression.read more
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Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders
Andrew Mathews,Colin MacLeod +1 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that biases in attention, memory, and interpretation, as well as repetitive negative thoughts, are common across emotional disorders, although they vary in form according to type of disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constructive and Unconstructive Repetitive Thought.
TL;DR: Of the existing models of RT, it is proposed that an elaborated version of the control theory account provides the best theoretical framework to account for its distinct consequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
How do mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction improve mental health and wellbeing? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies
TL;DR: This review identified strong, consistentevidence for cognitive and emotional reactivity, moderate and consistent evidence for mindfulness, rumination, and worry, and preliminary but insufficient evidence for self-compassion and psychological flexibility as mechanisms underlying MBIs.
Book
Cognitive Behavioural Processes across Psychological Disorders: A Transdiagnostic Approach to Research and Treatment
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an insightful and original approach to understand these disorders, one that focuses on what they have in common, instead of examining in isolation, for example, obsessive compulsive disorders, insomnia, schizophrenia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process
Thomas Ehring,Edward R. Watkins +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an updated review of repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process is presented, where it is shown that elevated levels of negative thinking are present across a large range of Axis I disorders and appear causally involved in the maintenance of emotional problems.
References
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Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
TL;DR: The concepts of power analysis are discussed in this paper, where Chi-square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables, t-Test for Means, and Sign Test are used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and validation of the penn state worry questionnaire
TL;DR: The worry questionnaire was found not to correlate with other measures of anxiety or depression, indicating that it is tapping an independent construct with severely anxious individuals, and coping desensitization plus cognitive therapy was found to produce significantly greater reductions in the measure than did a nondirective therapy condition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments.
Frank J. Floyd,Keith F. Widaman +1 more
TL;DR: The goals of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis are described and procedural guidelines for each approach are summarized in this article, emphasizing the use of factor analysis in developing and refining clinical measures for assessing the invariance of measures across samples and for evaluating multitrait-multimethod data.