Journal ArticleDOI
Dystonia of the legs induced by walking or passive movement of the big toe in a patient with cerebellar ectopia and syringomyelia.
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It is proposed that the cervical spinal cord lesion, involving propriospinal pathways, resulted in an abnormal response of spinal interneurons to peripheral stimuli.Abstract:
A 45-year-old man with dystonia of the legs was found to have cerebellar ectopia and syringomyelia. Both walking and passive movements of the big toes evoked dystonic postures of the legs. Electrophysiologic studies suggested that the dystonic movements were reflex in origin. We propose that the cervical spinal cord lesion, involving propriospinal pathways, resulted in an abnormal response of spinal interneurons to peripheral stimuli.read more
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Dystonia following head trauma: a report of nine patients and review of the literature
TL;DR: It is believed that dystonia following head injury is not as rare as is assumed, and awareness of its characteristics and optimized diagnostic procedures will lead to wider recognition of this entity.
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Focal limb dystonia in a patient with a cerebellar mass.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the cerebellum or its connections to the thalamus and/or basal ganglia could be involved in the pathophysiology of the dystonia.
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Involuntary movements and abnormal spontaneous EMG activity in syringomyelia and syringobulbia
TL;DR: Patients with syringomyelia showed a wide spectrum of involuntary movements and an increased excitability of spinal motor neurons was probably the basic underlying mechanism.
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Cervical dystonia associated with tumors of the posterior fossa
TL;DR: The combination of the clinical findings and the temporal relationship of their appearance suggest a causal association between the posterior fossa tumors and cervical dystonia in these three cases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical variants of idiopathic torsion dystonia.
TL;DR: Some patients with dystonic movements and postures not known to be caused by environmental or degenerative disorders can be segregated from classical-appearing idiopathic torsion dystonia on the basis of distinctive clinical and pharmacologic features.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The anatomical basis of symptomatic hemidystonia
TL;DR: Twenty-eight patients with focal (arm or leg) or hemidystonia due to tumour, arteriovenous malformation, infarction, haemorrhage or hemiatrophy are described, all had typical dystonic movements and/or postures, identical to those seen in idiopathic torsion dystonia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scope of a technique for electrical stimulation of human brain, spinal cord, and muscle.
TL;DR: Brief high-voltage electrical shocks from a special low-output-resistance stimulator, delivered through electrodes on the skin, can excite human muscle directly (not by way of the nerves) and can also excite the motor cortex, the visual cortex, and the spinal cord.
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Blepharospasm associated with brainstem lesions
Joseph Jankovic,Shutish C. Patel +1 more
TL;DR: Six patients with clinical and radiographic evidence of rostral brainstem lesion and bilateral blepharospasm and possible pathogenic mechanisms are studied.
Journal Article
Long-latency automatic responses to muscle stretch in man: origin and function.
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Propriospinal fibers interconnecting the spinal enlargements in the cat.
TL;DR: The distribution of the propriospinal fibers interconnecting the spinal enlargements was studied experimenttally in 9 cats by means of the suppressive Nauta silver impregnation techniques and found to be distributed throughout the intermediate gray to some degree bilaterally.