Book ChapterDOI
Electron temperature in the equatorial e region measured by two rocket experiments and by incoherent scatter
L. G. Smith,R. K. Zimmerman,K. Hirao,K. Oyama,C. Calderon +4 more
- pp 265-268
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The article was published on 1977-06-01. It has received 13 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Incoherent scatter & Rocket.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A model of the electron and ion temperatures in the ionosphere
TL;DR: In this article, a model of the electron and ion temperatures (TeTi) in the altitude interval 50-4000 km as a function of time (diurnal, annual), space (position, altitude) and solar flux (F10.7) is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is Te equal to Tnm at the heights of 100 to 120 km
TL;DR: In this paper, low and midlatitude lower E-region electron temperature profiles which were obtained by means of an in situ probe were collected, which cover the heights of 90-120 km and measurement reliability at these heights is discussed mainly in terms of electrode contamination and aerodynamical heating.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rocket observations in the equatorial electrojet : current status and critical problems
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of in situ investigations in the equatorial electrojet is reviewed, focusing on the relation of the vertical polarization field to the electrojet current and the electron number density.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electron temperature measurements carried out by Japanese scientific satellites
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the unique electron temperature probes which were installed in five Japanese scientific satellites, starting with satellite TAIYO which was launched in 1975 to satellite AKEBONO launched in 1989.
Journal ArticleDOI
DC Langmuir Probe for Measurement of Space Plasma: A Brief Review
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the in situ measurement of the electron temperature in the ionosphere/plasmasphere by means of DC Langmuir probes and discuss technical factors that should be taken into account for reliable measurement.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A latitude survey of the equatorial electrojet with rocket-borne magnetometers
TL;DR: Latitudinal cross section of ionospheric current density profile of equatorial electrojet from rocketborne magnetometers from NASA's EKF project was used to estimate the current density of the equatorial EJ from magnetometers as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model equatorial electrojet
Masahisa Sugiura,Joseph C. Cain +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, cross-sectional profile determination of equatorial electrojet for various longitudes along dip equator using set of Gauss coefficients for earth's magnetic field was performed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inelastic collisions at low energies
TL;DR: In this paper, a summary of the processes by which low energy electrons lose energy in moving through the atmosphere and estimates of the cross sections and energy loss rates are given, and mechanisms by which thermal electrons cool are described and the cooling efficiencies are listed.
Journal ArticleDOI
new fine structure cooling rate
TL;DR: In this article, a new fine structure cooling rate was derived based on theoretical cross sections, which is between 40% and 60% of the currently used rate, and a new generalized formula was presented for the cooling rate, valid for arbitrary mass and temperature difference of the colliding particles and arbitrary inelastic energy difference.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Improved Type of Electron Temperature Probe
Kunio Hirao,Koh-Ichiro Oyama +1 more
TL;DR: In order to get rid of the effects of voltage induced by geomagnetic field and rocket velocity as well as any other noise, an improved type of electron temperature probe is developed with sufficient results as mentioned in this paper.
Related Papers (5)
Distortions of the energy distribution of ionospheric thermal electrons near the focus of Sq current vortex
Koh-Ichiro Oyama,Kunio Hirao +1 more