Showing papers in "Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics in 1968"

TL;DR: In this article, a perturbation treatment is used to determine the nature and magnitude of the effects of internal atmospheric gravity waves on the ambient rates of production, chemical loss, and motion of the ionization.

TL;DR: In this article, a network of CW Doppler sounders was used to detect ionospheric motions observed with a network-of-CW Dopplers. The motions of each type are attributed to various kinds of atmospheric waves that interact with the ionosphere.

TL;DR: In this paper, an approximate method is developed for computing the theoretical diurnal variation of the peak electron density, NmF2, in the midlatitude ionosphere, based on the principle that the height of the F2-peak is determined by a balance between loss and plasma diffusion, this balance being modified by vertical drift.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived the frequencies that are emitted by gyroresonance processes involving low energy proton beams (E > 100 keV) using a hydromagnetic approximation for the two circularly polarized waves that can be propagated longitudinally in a cold magnetoplasma.

TL;DR: In this paper, an expression for the momentum transfer collision frequency νin between ions and neutral particles as a function of temperature and the relative flow velocity is derived, which indicates that for most practical applications vin may be considered as independent of ¦ν i − ν n ¦.

TL;DR: In this paper, the analysis of a moving random pattern is considered for the case where the whole pattern can be recorded, and the pattern is assumed to have a certain mean velocity, and also to change randomly in form as it moves.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of meridional winds in producing distributions which are asymmetrical about the Equator are studied, and from a comparison with experimental data it is suggested that such winds can well account for the asymmetrical distributions found at the solstices.

TL;DR: In this paper, the ionospheric continuity equation for the F2-layer and the equation of motion of the neutral atmosphere have been solved simultaneously to calculate diurnal variations of F2layer critical frequency and height at different latitudes for summer, equinox and winter conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, photoelectron fluxes escaping from the ionosphere into the magnetosphere are calculated including the effect of photo-electron diffusion for a range of solar activity.

TL;DR: In this article, an acoustic sounding experiment is described in which pulses of acoustic energy were directed upwards and reflected from inhomogeneities in the temperature structure of the lower troposphere to obtain a continuous record of their height, movement, and vertical distribution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of magnetic storms on the middle latitude D -region over Europe are examined using observations of transmissions over short paths of v.l.f., l.f. and h.f, which reveal pronounced effects associated with certain storms, effects which persist for several days after the recovery of the geomagnetic field.

TL;DR: In this article, the nature and movements of ionospheric irregularities at E- and F-region heights are considered, and it is suggested that, because of this association between drift velocities and the movements of the larger scale irregularities, the drift measurements are, at times, influenced by the presence of internal gravity waves.

TL;DR: In this article, the electron production rate q and electron density N produced by cosmic rays (CR) in the lower part of the D -region are theoretically considered and on the basis of the obtained formulas q and N are calculated from galactic CR for four geomagnetic latitudes 0°, 30°, 41°, 55° at maximum and minimum solar activity in winter and summer.

TL;DR: The diurnal, magnetic and solar cycle dependence of discrete auroral occurrence and intensities of emissions at 3914, 5577 and 6300 A over Antarctica in 1959 and 1963 are discussed and illustrated with maps of average intensities for latitudes greater than 50° as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a re-examination of three major areas of D-region aeronomy, namely, the height distribution of nitric oxide, the distribution of the effective recombination coefficient and the nature and distribution of negative ions, is presented.

TL;DR: Lower ionosphere electron density profiles at Wallops Island during IQSY, noting seasonal variation as mentioned in this paper, showed that seasonal variation was present in the electron density profile of the lower ionosphere.

TL;DR: The electron content of the ionosphere was recorded continuously at latitudes of 34°S and 42°S for a period of 18 months and the results were combined with ionosonde measurements to determine the mean changes in the night-time ionosphere at Latitudes of 10 to 60°.

TL;DR: Molecular viscosity and thermal conduction effects on upper atmospheric gravity waves were studied in this article, where molecular dissipation processes played a role in the propagation of gravity waves.

TL;DR: In this paper, D-region electron density profiles of high accuracy (±10 per cent) and high resolution (0·1 km) were presented for each of 5 Nike Apache rockets launched at sunrise from Wallops Island, Virginia at solar zenith angles of 108, 96, 94, 94 and 85°.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the spaced receiver method of measuring ionospheric drifts to investigate atmospheric motion between 65 and 100 km at 44°S lat. The results of the measurements were used to provide a good estimate of the monthly mean zonal wind.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented some height distributions of D -region electron density, derived from measurements of partial reflections and pulsed ionospheric cross modulation, during sunspot minimum conditions at four different latitudes: 19°S, 35°N, 60°N and 69°N.

TL;DR: In this article, the diurnal development of the F2-region equatorial anomaly is studied for the African, American, and East Asian sectors during quiet days about the June 1958 and December 1958 solstices.

TL;DR: In this article, it was suggested that an alternate explanation may be obtained from consideration of ablation from meteors, and the scale height on the topside of the sodium layer can be much smaller than the atmospheric scale height.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pre-dawn enhancement of the oxygen red lines in the night airglow occurs in synchronism with electronic heating in the F -region at times of sunrise in the magnetically conjugate area.

TL;DR: In this article, a statistical analysis of midlatitude wind profiles between 90 and 150 km altitude shows an rms wind speed ranging from 45 to 70 m/sec and an Rms shear ranging from 100 to 160 m /sec/scale ht, (equivalent to 0.004-0.02 sec −1 ).

TL;DR: In this paper, the day-to-day variability of S q has been studied by using IGY data for a world wide network of stations and correlation coefficients for ranges in H at different pairs of stations were calculated.

TL;DR: In this article, atmospheric gravity waves exhibit singular properties at levels where the ambient wind Doppler-shifts their frequency to zero, and some possible consequences are indicated, including the production of turbulence, its termination in the region of the turbopause, and the apparent transport by the wind of ionization irregularities induced by the waves.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the sources of movements in the ionosphere and their origin, and various methods for measuring movements or apparent movements in ionosphere are summarized, with emphasis placed upon establishing what reliable evidence there is for real mass movement of both plasma and neutral atmosphere throughout the ionosphere.

TL;DR: In this article, the photochemical equations governing the distribution of nitric oxide in the upper mesosphere are examined by means of a scale analysis, and the detailed mechanism of the transport is discussed for each of these modes of atmospheric motion.

TL;DR: In this article, the relative importance of the solar u.v. heat input and heat conducted from the protonosphere in controlling the electron temperature profile is investigated by varying these two parameters.