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Journal ArticleDOI

Electronic Energy Levels in the Trivalent Lanthanide Aquo Ions. I. Pr3+, Nd3+, Pm3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+

W. T. Carnall, +2 more
- 15 Nov 1968 - 
- Vol. 49, Iss: 10, pp 4424-4442
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TLDR
In this article, the free-ion energy-level schemes of the Pr3+, Nd3+, Pm3+, Sm3+, Dy3, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+ aquo ions have been determined from their absorption spectra in dilute acid solution at 25°.
Abstract
The free‐ion energy‐level schemes of the Pr3+, Nd3+, Pm3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+ aquo ions have been determined from their absorption spectra in dilute acid solution at 25°. Energy‐level assignments were made by comparison with crystal spectra, and on the basis of correlations between calculated and observed band intensities. For most of the ions, it was possible to identify several transitions giving rise to bands at energies as high as 45 000–50 000 cm−1. Sufficient numbers of assignments were made to justify inclusion of the effects of configuration interaction in the calculation of the energy‐level parameters. Variation of the electrostatic, spin–orbit coupling, and configuration‐interaction parameters across the lanthanide series is examined.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

NIR to VUV: Seven-Photon Upconversion Emissions from Gd(3+) Ions in Fluoride Nanocrystals.

TL;DR: It is shown that a near-infrared (NIR) diode laser is capable of generating vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emissions in fluoride nanocrystals through photon upconversion (UC) processes and will intrigue great interest in exploring unusual high-energy radiative transitions in rare earth ions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Enhanced visible emissions of Pr3+-doped oxyfluoride transparent glass-ceramics containing SrF2 nanocrystals

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the optical and luminescence properties of Pr 3+ -doped oxyfluoride transparent glass and glass-ceramic (GC) with the composition of 41SiO 2 + 10Al 2 O 3 + 25.5LiF + 23SrF 2 + 0.5Pr 2 O
Journal ArticleDOI

Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of pink luminescent heteroleptic Sm(III) complexes; the role of DMSO in transforming the inner coordination sphere and on photophysical properties. Sparkle/RM1 calculation

TL;DR: In this paper, three new heteroleptic pink luminescent samarium complexes of the type [Sm(tfaa) 3 L] were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, thermogravimetry and 1 H NMR spectroscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI

Spectroscopic properties and upconversion studies of Er 3+ -doped SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -SrF 2 -CaF 2 oxyfluoride glasses for optical amplifier applications

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used optical absorption spectra to predict radiative properties of 1.0% of Er 3+ doped glass doped with SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -SrF 2 -CaF 2 oxyfluoride glasses.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Optical absorption intensities of rare-earth ions

TL;DR: In this paper, an expression for the oscillator strength of a transition between two states of the ground configuration $4{f}^{N}, on the assumption that the levels of each excited configuration of the type $4 {f} n{n}^{\ensuremath{'n}d$ or $4
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Intensities of Crystal Spectra of Rare‐Earth Ions

TL;DR: In this article, the transition probability of pure-electronic electric dipole transitions between levels of the 4-fluorescence configuration perturbed by a static crystalline field is treated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Spectral Intensities of the Trivalent Lanthanides and Actinides in Solution. II. Pm3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, and Ho3+

TL;DR: In this article, the experimentally determined band intensities in the solution absorption spectra of the trivalent lanthanides were correlated with a theoretical expression derived by Judd, and the spectra were measured in a single medium, dilute acid solution, and, in most cases, in the range ≈6000-50 000 cm−1.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Spectra of the Doubly and Triply Ionized Rare Earths

TL;DR: The present status of our knowledge of the structure of the spectra of the rare earths is derived partly from experimental data of the emission spectra, which provides the energy level scheme in great detail but are difficult and laborious to analyze.