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Open AccessProceedings Article

Emoticon Style: Interpreting Differences in Emoticons Across Cultures

TLDR
This paper investigates the semantic, cultural, and social aspects of emoticon usage on Twitter and shows that emoticons are not limited to conveying a specific emotion or used as jokes, but rather are socio-cultural norms, whose meaning can vary depending on the identity of the speaker.
Abstract
Emoticons are a key aspect of text-based communication, and are the equivalent of nonverbal cues to the medium of online chat, forums, and social media like Twitter. As emoticons become more widespread in computer mediated communication, a vocabulary of different symbols with subtle emotional distinctions emerges especially across different cultures. In this paper, we investigate the semantic, cultural, and social aspects of emoticon usage on Twitter and show that emoticons are not limited to conveying a specific emotion or used as jokes, but rather are socio-cultural norms, whose meaning can vary depending on the identity of the speaker. We also demonstrate how these norms propagate through the Twitter @-reply network. We confirm our results on a large-scale dataset of over one billion Tweets from different time periods and countries.

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Proceedings Article

Fusing Audio, Textual, and Visual Features for Sentiment Analysis of News Videos.

TL;DR: This paper presents a novel approach to perform sentiment analysis of news videos, based on the fusion of audio, textual and visual clues extracted from their contents, which achieves an accuracy of up to 84% in the sentiments (tension levels) classification task, demonstrating its high potential to be used by media analysts in several applications, especially in the journalistic domain.
Dissertation

Rhetorical moves and identity performance in online child sexual abuse interactions

Emily Chiang
TL;DR: This article explored linguistic expressions of identity by participants across a range of online child sexual abuse (OCSA) interactions, including offenders and suspected offenders, victims, and undercover police officers, exploring how participants use rhetorical moves as a resource for identity performance.
Journal ArticleDOI

Emoticon-Based Ambivalent Expression: A Hidden Indicator for Unusual Behaviors in Weibo

TL;DR: By tracing the emoticon use in Weibo, a group of hidden “ambivalent users” are disclosed for frequently posting ambivalent tweets containing both positive and negative emotions, and this ambivalent expression could be a novel indicator of many unusual social behaviors.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Understanding Diverse Interpretations of Animated GIFs

TL;DR: Overall, it is shown that there is potential for miscommunication in animated GIFs, and Animated GIFs may be a more nuanced form of nonverbal communication than emoticons and emoji.

Understanding and fighting bullying with machine learning

Junming Sui
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify factors that influence bullying involvement in a timely fashion and identify the most important factors for bullying involvement among adolescents in both physical and cyber worlds, in both the physical and online worlds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The psychological meaning of words: LIWC and computerized text analysis methods

TL;DR: The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) system as discussed by the authors is a text analysis system that counts words in psychologically meaningful categories to detect meaning in a wide variety of experimental settings, including to show attentional focus, emotionality, social relationships, thinking styles and individual differences.
Proceedings Article

Measuring User Influence in Twitter: The Million Follower Fallacy

TL;DR: An in-depth comparison of three measures of influence, using a large amount of data collected from Twitter, is presented, suggesting that topological measures such as indegree alone reveals very little about the influence of a user.
Journal ArticleDOI

An evolutionary approach to norms

TL;DR: In this article, the emergence and stability of behavioral norms in the context of a game played by people of limited rationality is analyzed with a computer simulation based upon the evolutionary principle that strategies shown to be relatively effective will be used more in the future than less effective strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Dissemination of Culture: A Model with Local Convergence and Global Polarization

TL;DR: In this paper, an agent-based adaptive model is proposed to reveal the effects of a mechanism of convergent social influence, where actors are placed at fixed sites and the basic premise is that the more similar an actor is to a neighbor, the more likely that that actor will adopt one of the neighbor's traits.
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