Experimental investigation of wave propagation in three dimensions in unbounded particulate assemblies

TLDR: In this paper, a Cubical Cell Apparatus with bender-extender piezoceramic elements fitted in all six faces is used so that wave propagation velocities of an analogue granular material can be determined.

Abstract: Understanding wave propagation through soils is essential for site response analysis in earthquake engineering, interpretation of geophysical surveys and SASW (Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves), interpretation of laboratory bender element tests, etc. Analysis of wave propagation has largely been based on continuum descriptions and two dimensional analyses. This study presents recent developments in multiaxial testing that permit the combination of laboratory seismic testing with exploration of three-dimensional principal stress space. A Cubical Cell Apparatus with bender-extender piezoceramic elements fitted in all six faces are used so that wave propagation velocities of an analogue granular material can be determined. The results of a first series of wave propagation tests for a sample under isotropic confinement are presented.