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Journal ArticleDOI

Geometry for the selfish herd.

William D. Hamilton
- 01 May 1971 - 
- Vol. 31, Iss: 2, pp 295-311
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TLDR
An antithesis to the view that gregarious behaviour is evolved through benefits to the population or species is presented, and simply defined models are used to show that even in non-gregarious species selection is likely to favour individuals who stay close to others.
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This article is published in Journal of Theoretical Biology.The article was published on 1971-05-01. It has received 3343 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Selfish herd theory & Population.

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Citations
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Group Size and Vigilance in Pronghorns

TL;DR: The relationship between group size and vigilance in pronghorn antelopes (Antilocapra americana) was examined in this paper, where the first two individuals to lift their heads were more likely to be on the periphery.
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Quantitative analysis of fiddler crab flock movement: evidence for ‘selfish herd’ behaviour

TL;DR: It is concluded that fiddler crab behaviour is consistent with the selfish herd hypothesis, and two other indices of aggregation showed statistically significant increases in flock cohesion following panic initiation.
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Testing domains of danger in the selfish herd: sparrowhawks target widely spaced redshanks in flocks.

TL;DR: The role of spacing is examined using video analysis of encounters between redshanks, Tringa totanus, in flocks on saltmarsh, and sparrowhawks, Accipiter nisus, surprise hunting from adjacent woodland to suggest positive selection for tight spacing when prey are stationary is largely due to domains of danger, but that this also leads to positive selection when targets are mobile.
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Spite and Altruism in Gulls

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Linking social complexity and vocal complexity: a parid perspective

TL;DR: The hypothesis that as groups increase in social complexity, there is a need for increased vocal complexity is described and some of the early evidence that supported the hypothesis is described.
References
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Book

Animal dispersion in relation to social behaviour

TL;DR: Wynne-Edwards has written this interesting and important book as a sequel to his earlier (1962) Animal Dispersion in Relation to Social Behaviour, and reviewing it has proven to be a valuable task for one who normally is only at the periphery of the group selection controversy.