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High-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 2CC-NBOMe and 25I-NBOMe in human serum.

TLDR
The presented high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) method was developed for the detection and quantification of 2CC-NBOMe and 25I- NBOMe in serum of intoxicated emergency department patients and proved suitable for serum clinical toxicology testing.
Abstract
2CC-NBOMe {4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenethyl-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl) methyl] ethanamine} and 25I-NBOMe {2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl) methyl] ethanamine} are of a class of N-benzyl phenethylamine derivatives whose synthesis was first reported in the scientific literature in 2011 Recent reports from 'personal drug experience websites' and in the popular press indicate these drugs are the latest in a series of designer 'Bath Salt' drugs of abuse The presented high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) method was developed for the detection and quantification of 2CC-NBOMe and 25I-NBOMe in serum of intoxicated emergency department patients The assay applies 2-​(2,​5-​dimethoxyphenyl)-​N-​(2-​methoxybenzyl) ethanamine (25H-NBOMe) as the internal standard Samples were extracted using solid-phase extraction columns The chromatographic separation was performed on a Luna 3 µ C8(2) 100 A, 100 × 20 mm, column Detection was accomplished by multiple-reaction monitoring via an electrospray ionization source operating in the positive ionization mode The calibration curves were linear over the investigated concentration range, 30-2000 pg/mL, with a lower limit of detection of 10 pg/mL for both 2CC-NBOMe and 25I-NBOMe The method proved suitable for serum clinical toxicology testing Two severely intoxicated emergency department patients were determined to have serum concentrations of 250 and 2780 pg/mL of 25I-NBOMe using the presented method

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Reports of Adverse Events Associated with Use of Novel Psychoactive Substances, 2013-2016: A Review.

TL;DR: Recommendations for future toxicological testing of novel psychoactive substances include development and management of a national monitoring program to provide real-time clinical and toxicological data, confirmed analytically, on emerging drugs and their known toxidromes and side effect profiles.
Journal ArticleDOI

Toxicities Associated With NBOMe Ingestion—A Novel Class of Potent Hallucinogens: A Review of the Literature

TL;DR: Clinicians need to have a high index of suspicion for NBOMe ingestion in patients reporting the recent use of hallucinogens, because NBome ingestion is associated with severe adverse effects.
Journal ArticleDOI

An investigation of the stability of emerging new psychoactive substances.

TL;DR: This is the first time stability data have been published for these emerging substances and showed that additional compounds found during forensic casework were potential metabolites rather than instability products.
Journal ArticleDOI

Two cases of severe intoxication associated with analytically confirmed use of the novel psychoactive substances 25B-NBOMe and 25C-NBOMe.

TL;DR: The NBOMe compounds are highly potent 5HT2A receptor agonists and are also agonists at alpha-adrenergic receptors, which likely account for their serotonergic and sympathomimetic symptoms.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Molecular interaction of serotonin 5-HT2A receptor residues Phe339(6.51) and Phe340(6.52) with superpotent N-benzyl phenethylamine agonists.

TL;DR: This study is the first to identify a hitherto unrecognized role for residue 6.51 in agonist activation of a serotonin G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), whereas most previous reports have suggested a varied and sometimes contradictory role in homologous GPCRs.
Journal ArticleDOI

‘Legal Highs’ – novel and emerging psychoactive drugs: a chemical overview for the toxicologist

TL;DR: ‘Legal highs’ from the phenylethylamine, cocaine, tryptamine and phencyclidine classes are increasingly being marketed and, in the majority of cases, little is cited in the literature on their true chemical identity, pharmacology or toxicology.
Journal ArticleDOI

25C-NBOMe – New potent hallucinogenic substance identified on the drug market

TL;DR: Analytical properties of a new hallucinogenic substance identified in blotter papers seized from the drug market, namely 25C-NBOMe [2-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethanamine].
Journal ArticleDOI

Radiosynthesis and in vivo evaluation of a series of substituted 11C-phenethylamines as 5-HT (2A) agonist PET tracers.

TL;DR: The largest target-to-background binding ratio was found for [11C]Cimbi-36 which also had a high brain uptake compared to its analogues, and is currently the most promising candidate for investigation of 5-HT2A receptor agonist binding in the living human brain with PET.
Journal ArticleDOI

A case of 25I-NBOMe (25-I) intoxication: a new potent 5-HT2A agonist designer drug

TL;DR: A case of self-reported exposure to 25-I (25I-NBOMe), a novel phenethylamine derivative, with subsequent quantification in serum is described, a potent new synthetic drug with apparent significant behavioral toxicity that can be detected and quantified in serum.
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