Journal ArticleDOI
How States Ration Flexibility: Tariffs, Remedies, and Exchange Rates as Policy Substitutes
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A close look at the commitments of World Trade Organization (wto ) members presents a striking paradox: most states could raise their duties significantly before falling afoul of their wto obligations as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
A close look at the commitments of World Trade Organization (wto ) members presents a striking paradox. Most states could raise their duties significantly before falling afoul of their wto obligations. Moreover, such “binding overhang” varies between countries: some could more than double the amount of trade protection they offer overnight, whereas others are tightly constrained. What accounts for this variation? The author argues that more flexibility is not always better: obtaining it and subsequently using it are both costly. Rather than maximize flexibility, states thus seek an optimal amount. If they have access to policy space through other means, such as currency devaluations and trade remedies, they will exercise restraint in seeking binding overhang. The same supply-side logic holds at the domestic level: governments strategically withhold binding overhang from industries that are able to rely on trade remedies, despite the fact that these tend to have the greatest political clout.read more
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The Political Economy of International Relations
Ernie Keenes,Robert Gilpin +1 more
TL;DR: Gilpin this paper argued that American power had been essential for establishing these institutions, and waning American support threatened the basis of postwar cooperation and the great prosperity of the period, and argued that a great power such as the United States is essential to fostering international cooperation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why Do Some Countries Get Better WTO Accession Terms Than Others
TL;DR: In this article, the authors take a closer look at what determines the concessions the World Trade Organization requires of an entrant, and find that the more a country has to offer, the more it is required to give.
Journal ArticleDOI
Googling the WTO: What Search-Engine Data Tell Us About the Political Economy of Institutions
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use web search data to test the premise behind models of international treaty-making, using web-search data as a proxy for a fundamental political activity that we otherwise have little sense of.
Journal ArticleDOI
Googling the WTO: What Search Engine Data Tell Us About the Political Economy of Institutions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use web search data to test the premise behind models of international treaty-making, using Web search data as a proxy for fundamental political activity which we otherwise have little sense of: the seeking of information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Power, Control, and the Logic of Substitution in Institutional Design: The Case of International Climate Finance
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors develop a logic of substitution whereby permissive earmark rules are a design substitute for weighted voting from wealthy states' perspective, in contrast to the conventional wisdom that treats weighted voting rules as the primary means that powerful states use to codify their asymmetric control in institutional design, they propose that funding rules are equally important.
References
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ReportDOI
Protection For Sale
Gene M. Grossman,Elhanan Helpman +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a model in which special interest groups make political contributions in order to influence an incumbent government's choice of trade policy, and studied the structure of protection that emerges in the political equilibrium and the contributions by different lobbies that support the policy outcome.
Book
Introductory econometrics : a modern approach
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-modelling framework for Multiple Regression Analysis with Qualitative Information: Binary (or Dummy) Variables and Two Stage Least Squares, and discusses Serial Correlation and Heteroskedasticity in Time Series Regressions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Modern History of Exchange Rate Arrangements: A Reinterpretation
TL;DR: This article developed a novel system of re-classifying historical exchange rate regimes, which leads to a stark reassessment of the post-war history of exchange rate arrangements and suggests that exchange rate arraignments may be quite important for growth, trade and inflation.
Book
The Political Economy of International Relations
TL;DR: Gilpin this paper argued that American power had been essential for establishing these institutions, and waning American support threatened the basis of postwar cooperation and the great prosperity of the period, and argued that a great power such as the United States is essential to fostering international cooperation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Institutional Environment for Economic Growth
TL;DR: In this article, the authors forges an explicit link between an objective measure of political constraints and variation in cross-national growth rates, and derives a new measure for political constraints from a simple spatial model of political interaction that incorporates information on the number of independent branches of government with veto power and the distribution of preferences across and within those branches.