Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and biosynthesis of steroids in the marine mollusc Aplysia depilans
TLDR
The view that steroid hormones are present in the gonadic tissue of A. depilans and could be produced from cholesterol and acetate, while hepatic tissue contains only the enzymatic systems, which are able to synthesize steroids is supported.Abstract:
1.
1. The steroid content of the gonads and hepatopancreas of the marine mollusc Aplysia depilans has been analysed.
2.
2. The following steroids have been identified in the gonad extract: pregnenolone,∗ progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, oestradiol and oestrone; pregnenolone and 17α-hydroxypregnenolone have been identified in hepatic tissue.
3.
3. Incubations of these tissues with acetate-1-14C and cholesterol-4-14C yielded the following metabolites: cholesterol, 20α-hydroxycholesterol, pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, cortisol, cortisone and deoxycorticosterone.
4.
4. These findings support the view that steroid hormones are present in the gonadic tissue of A. depilans and could be produced from cholesterol and acetate, while hepatic tissue contains only the enzymatic systems, which are able to synthesize steroids.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
Organic Xenobiotic Metabolism in Marine Invertebrates
TL;DR: Central to the defense against such an enormous and diverse number of potentially toxic compounds is an impressive array of enzymes, which function ideally to detoxify and eliminate xenobiotics from an organism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do mollusks use vertebrate sex steroids as reproductive hormones? Part I: Critical appraisal of the evidence for the presence, biosynthesis and uptake of steroids.
TL;DR: There is no convincing evidence for biosynthesis of vertebrate steroids by mollusks, and the 'mollusk' genome does not contain the genes for key enzymes that are necessary to transform cholesterol in progressive steps into vertebrate-type steroids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies of endogenous steroids from the marine mollusc Mytilus edulis L. By gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
TL;DR: The levels of progesterone and androstenedione are higher than those of the other steroids, and show a different pattern between both samples, which allows a possible function of these steroids in the reproduction of Mytilus edulis to be suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Partitioning, bioavailability and effects of oestrogens and xeno-oestrogens in the aquatic environment
TL;DR: This review provides insights into the distribution and impact of oestrogens and xeno-oestrogens in the aquatic environment and highlights some significant knowledge gaps in the understanding of endocrine disrupting chemicals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of sex steroids on gonadal development and gender determination in the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus
Chunde Wang,Roger P. Croll +1 more
TL;DR: The results of the present study showed that injections of estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) all accelerated gonadal differentiation and shifted sex ratios toward more males in the sea scallop.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The occurrence of steroids and steroid metabolizing enzyme systems in invertebrates. A review.
Jean-Guy Lehoux,Thomas Sandor +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
ESTRADIOL-17β IN THE EGGS OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS
TL;DR: Eggs of the American lobster, Homarus americanus, were examined for estrogenic materials and analysis by the Astwood 6-hour assay indicated 0.26 to 0.32 μg of estrogenic activity per kilogram of eggs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Steroids of invertebrates: production of oestrogens by an accessory reproductive tissue of the slug Arion ater rufus (Linn.).
TL;DR: The present study concerns the in vitro production of C18 steroids from endogenous precursors by an accessory reproductive organ of this animal, the bursa copulatrix or spermatheca gland.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estrogens in marine invertebrates
TL;DR: Of a variety of marine invertebrates examined, only the ovaries of the mollusc, Mactra (Spisula) solidissima, contained appreciable amounts of estrogenic material.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and biosynthesis of steroid hormones in the ovary and fat bodies of female Triturus cristatus carnifex
TL;DR: Findings support the view that steroid hormones identified in the fat bodies of female Triturus cristatus carnifex could be produced in situ from cholesterol.