Inequality of opportunity in earnings and consumption expenditure: the case of indian men
TLDR
In this article, the authors associate inequality of opportunities with outcome differences that can be accounted by predetermined circumstances which lie beyond the control of an individual, such as parental education, parental occupation, caste, religion, and place of birth, and find evidence that the parental education specific opportunity share of overall earnings and consumption expenditure is largest in urban India, but caste and geographical region also play an equally important role when rural India is considered.Abstract:
The paper associates inequality of opportunities with outcome differences that can be accounted by predetermined circumstances which lie beyond the control of an individual, such as parental education, parental occupation, caste, religion, and place of birth. The non-parametric estimates using parental education as a measure of circumstances reveal that the opportunity share of earnings inequality in 2004–05 was 11–19 percent for urban India and 5–8 percent for rural India. The same figures for consumption expenditure inequality are 10–19 percent for urban India and 5–9 percent for rural India. The overall opportunity share estimates (parametric) of earnings inequality due to circumstances, including caste, religion, region, parental education, and parental occupation, vary from 18 to 26 percent for urban India, and from 16 to 21 percent for rural India. The overall opportunity share estimates for consumption expenditure inequality are close to the earnings inequality figures for both urban and rural areas. The analysis further finds evidence that the parental education specific opportunity share of overall earnings (and consumption expenditure) inequality is largest in urban India, but caste and geographical region also play an equally important role when rural India is considered.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the Currency of Egalitarian Justice
TL;DR: In this paper, the Tanner Lecture of 1979, Amartya Sen asked what aspect(s) of a person's condition should count in a fundamental way for egalitarians, and not merely as cause of or evidence of or proxy for what they regard as fundamental.
Inequality of Opportunity, Income Inequality and Economic Mobility: some international comparisons. Policy Research Working Paper No. 6304
TL;DR: A comparison of ex-ante measures of inequality of economic opportunity (IEO) across 41 countries, and of the Human Opportunity Index (HOI) for 39 countries is presented in this article.
BookDOI
Inequality of opportunity, income inequality and economic mobility : some international comparisons
TL;DR: The relationship between inequality and the development process has long been of interest, and both directions of causality have been extensively investigated as mentioned in this paper, and a recent survey of that literature can be found here.
BookDOI
Inequality of opportunity in Sub-Saharan Africa
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate inequality of opportunity and the different sources of unequal opportunities in 11 Sub-Saharan Africa countries and find that the portion of total inequality that can be attributed to exogenous circumstances is between 30 percent and 40 percent in the countries considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inequality of opportunity in China's educational outcomes
Jane Golley,Sherry Tao Kong +1 more
TL;DR: The authors investigated trends in educational inequality in China, focusing on the contribution of "inequality of opportunity" to these trends, and measured the inequality in individual educational outcomes in aggregate and for each of ten birth cohorts.
References
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On the Currency of Egalitarian Justice
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