Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall-Petch relationship of welded structural steel
TLDR
In this paper, a rule of mixtures based approach for determining the characteristic length of the microstructure for heterogeneous weld metal was introduced, and the proposed grain size parameter, the volume-weighted average grain size, was measured experimentally for nine structural steel weld metals and two base materials.Abstract:
The strength of polycrystalline metals increases with a decrease in grain size according to the Hall–Petch relationship. However, heterogeneous microstructures deviate from this relationship depending on the distribution of grain sizes. This paper introduces a rule of mixtures based approach for determining the characteristic length of the microstructure for heterogeneous weld metal. The proposed grain size parameter, the volume-weighted average grain size, is measured experimentally for nine structural steel weld metals and two base materials. The weld metals are found to have a large variety of grain size distributions that are noticeably broader than those of the base material due to differences in phase contents. The results show that the volume-weighted average grain size is able to capture the influence of grain size distribution on the strength of welded structural steel. Based on the experimental results, a modified Hall–Petch relationship is formulated for the strength prediction of heterogeneous microstructures. The modified relationship is also found to be applicable to data from the literature.read more
Citations
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Effect of standard heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melting manufactured Inconel 718 superalloy
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References
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The Deformation and Ageing of Mild Steel: III Discussion of Results
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt is made to explain the observed phenomena in the yielding and ageing of mild steel, described in two previous papers, in the general terms of a grain-boundary theory.
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Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: A law for strain gradient plasticity
William D. Nix,Huajian Gao +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the indentation size effect for crystalline materials can be accurately modeled using the concept of geometrically necessary dislocations, which leads to the following characteristic form for the depth dependence of the hardness: H H 0 1+ h ∗ h where H is the hardness for a given depth of indentation, h, H 0 is a characteristic length that depends on the shape of the indenter, the shear modulus and H 0.
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The deformation of plastically non-homogeneous materials
TL;DR: The geometrically necessary dislocations as discussed by the authors were introduced to distinguish them from the statistically storages in pure crystals during straining and are responsible for the normal 3-stage hardening.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hall-Petch relation and boundary strengthening
TL;DR: In this article, the Hall-Petch relation is discussed separately for the yield stress of polycrystalline metals and for the flow stress of deformed metals for a grain size range from about 20 nm to hundreds of micrometers.
Book
Bainite in Steels
TL;DR: The mechanism of the bainite transformation in steels is reviewed in this paper, with a summary of the early research and concluding with an assessment of the transformation in the context of the other reactions which occur as austenite is cooled to temperatures where it is no longer the stable phase.