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Journal ArticleDOI

Internationalization as a strategy process

Leif Melin
- 01 Dec 1992 - 
- Vol. 13, pp 99-118
TLDR
Three key themes for future research on internationalization as a process are suggested, dealing with major omissions and weaknesses identified in the review, are: the study of acquisition processes and internationalization, theStudy of dynamic processes in MNCs, and thestudy of internationalization processes in their outer contexts.
Abstract
This paper critically reviews the field of international business research. The field is characterized by considerable intellectual diversity, where theoretical focus is blurred by the multidisciplinary nature of the field. The review focuses on three themes that help shed light on internationalization as a strategy process; stage models of internationalization, studies of the link between strategy and structure in MNCs, and studies of administrative processes in MNCs and recent organizational models for MNCs. Sequential stages models are too deterministic and stress only early stages of internationalization. Conceptual contributions from research on structures following strategies have a very static character. Research on management processes in MNCs have a questionable empirical base and normative bent. Three key themes for future research on internationalization as a process are suggested. These themes, dealing with major omissions and weaknesses identified in the review, are: the study of acquisition processes and internationalization, the study of dynamic processes in MNCs, and the study of internationalization processes in their outer contexts.

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Citations
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The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them, and describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative.
Journal ArticleDOI

Dragon multinationals : new players in 21st century globalization

TL;DR: A review of the experiences of latecomer and newcomer MNEs, particularly those from the Asia Pacific, is presented in this paper, where the authors argue that the innovative features that these MNE share, such as their accelerated internationalization, strategic innovation and organizational innovation, fit particularly well with the characteristics of the emergent global economy as one of complex inter-firm linkages.
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International expansion through start-up or through acquisition : An organizational learning perspective

TL;DR: In this article, a learning perspective was brought to the literature examining whether firms expand internationally through start-ups or acquisitions, and the authors investigated how this strategic decision affects the performance of the companies.
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Network relationships and the internationalisation process of small software firms

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of network relationships on the internationalization process of small firms, using multi-site case research on the software industry, is examined, and a conceptual framework of the small firm internationalisation process which integrates the stage and network perspectives is presented.
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References
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Book ChapterDOI

The iron cage revisited institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them, and describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative.
Book

The competitive advantage of nations

TL;DR: The Need for a New Paradigm as discussed by the authors is the need for a new paradigm for the competitive advantage of companies in global industries, as well as the dynamics of national competitive advantage.
Book

Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind

TL;DR: In this article, the differences in the way strategists and their followers think are discussed, and practical solutions for those in business to help solve conflict between different groups are proposed, with a focus on how to find common problems which demand cooperation for the solution of these problems.
Book ChapterDOI

The Core Competence of the Corporation

TL;DR: The most powerful way to prevail in global competition is still invisible to many companies as discussed by the authors, which is why the concept of the corporation itself has not yet been recognized as a powerful competitive advantage.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Internationalization Process of the Firm - A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of the internationalization process of a firm focusing on the gradual acquisition, integration and use of knowledge about foreign markets and operations, and on the incrementally increasing commitments to foreign markets is developed.
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