Journal ArticleDOI
Investigations on the endometrial response to intrauterine administration of N-acetylcysteine in oestrous mares
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TLDR
The present study demonstrates that NAC does not adversely affect the endometrial function and an anti-inflammatory effect on the equine endometrium was observed.Abstract:
Contents
In mares, mating-induced persistent endometritis contributes to low fertility. The condition is in part related to delayed clearance of mucus accumulated within the uterine lumen. The objective of this study was to investigate the endometrial response of healthy mares to intrauterine (i.u.) treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Oestrous mares (n = 12) were randomly assigned to a treatment (TM) or control (C) group and received an i.u. infusion of 5% NAC and saline (total volume 140 ml), respectively. Endometrial biopsies were collected in five of the mares 24 h after treatment, in the remaining seven mares 72 h after treatment. Endometrial biopsies were evaluated for integrity of the luminal epithelium, number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), staining for cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), staining with Kiel 67 antigen (Ki-67), lectins and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). The integrity of endometrial epithelial cells was not affected by treatment (no statistical differences between groups or times). At 24 h after treatment, the mean number of PMN in endometrial biopsies from NAC- and C-mares did not differ, but at 72 h after treatment, number of PMN was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in C (3.9 ± 0.6 PMN/field) compared with NAC-treated mares (2.3 ± 0.2 PMN/field). At 72 h after treatment, the intensity of staining for COX2 was significantly higher after saline than after NAC treatment (p < 0.05). In the epithelium, no differences in staining for the proliferation marker Ki-67 were seen with respect to time and treatment. Score for the lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was slightly higher in NAC-treated mares than in C-mares 72 h after treatment (p < 0.05). Score for PAS staining of mucus in deep uterine glands differed significantly between groups at 24 h after treatment (p < 0.05). The present study demonstrates that NAC does not adversely affect the endometrial function. Moreover, an anti-inflammatory effect on the equine endometrium was observed.read more
Citations
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Steroid Hormone Modulation of Prostaglandin Secretion in the Ruminant Endometrium During the Estrous Cycle
TL;DR: The purpose of this article is to review the recent data related to how progesterone and estradiol could regulate the uterine pulsatile secretion of PGF2a observsd at luteolysis.
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Equine endometritis: a review of challenges and new approaches
TL;DR: The challenges presented by PBIE, latent infections, biofilms, fungal infections and the need to utilise diagnostic methods available and implement targeted treatments to optimise fertility in the mare are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of oral treatment with N-acetylcysteine on the viscosity of intrauterine mucus and endometrial function in estrous mares.
T.S. Witte,E. Melkus,E. Melkus,Ingrid Walter,B. Senge,S. Schwab,Christine Aurich,Wolfgang Heuwieser +7 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that oral NAC treatment does not reduce viscosity of uterine mucus but has an antiinflammatory effect on the equine endometrium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationships between intrauterine infusion of N-acetylcysteine, equine endometrial pathology, neutrophil function, post-breeding therapy, and reproductive performance.
Alicia R. Gores-Lindholm,M. M. Leblanc,Robert Causey,Anna Hitchborn,Richard A. Fayrer-Hosken,Marius Kruger,Michel L. Vandenplas,Paty Flores,Scott Ahlschwede +8 more
TL;DR: This article examined the relationship between Nacetylcysteine (NAC), a mucolytic agent with anti-inflammatory properties, and endometrial architecture, serum neutrophil function, post-breeding therapy, and reproductive performance of NAC-treated mares in a clinical setting.
Book ChapterDOI
Endometritis and Infertility in the Mare – The Challenge in Equine Breeding Industry–A Review
TL;DR: The idea that a better etiopathogenetical understanding of the endometritis remains the key to access to a correct diagnostic protocol and to a successful therapeutic plan will inspire this chapter.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The reduction in vitro in viscosity of mucoprotein solutions by a new mucolytic agent, n‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical and Subclinical Endometritis in the Mare: Both Threats to Fertility
MM LeBlanc,RC Causey +1 more
TL;DR: Signs of subclinical endometritis include excessive oedema post-mating and a white line between endometrial folds on ultrasound, and cultures of uterine biopsy tissue or of small volume uterine lavage are twice as sensitive as guarded swabs in detecting Gram-negative organisms, while uterine cytology is twice assensitive as culture in detecting endomet arthritis.
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Medical problems of adult horses, as ranked by equine practitioners.
TL;DR: The top-ranked disease was colic, followed by viral respiratory tract disease, endometritis, dermatitis, and parasitism, and the number of veterinarians in the practice was the same for the total respondents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Infectious and Post–Mating‐Induced Endometritis in the Mare
TL;DR: Endometritis can be difficult to identify because clinical signs, ultrasonographic and laboratory findings can vary between uterine pathogens, and identifying the inciting cause may require more than swabbing the endometrium.
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