Making the Case for Investment in Rural Cancer Control: An Analysis of Rural Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Funding Trends.
TLDR
It is shown that higher incidence and mortality in rural areas were observed for cervical, colorectal, kidney, lung, melanoma, and oropharyngeal cancers, and further investment is needed to disentangle the effects of individual-level SES and area-level factors to understand observed effects of rurality on cancer.Abstract:
Estimates of those living in rural counties vary from 46.2 to 59 million, or 14% to 19% of the U.S. population. Rural communities face disadvantages compared with urban areas, including higher poverty, lower educational attainment, and lack of access to health services. We aimed to demonstrate rural–urban disparities in cancer and to examine NCI-funded cancer control grants focused on rural populations. Estimates of 5-year cancer incidence and mortality from 2009 to 2013 were generated for counties at each level of the rural–urban continuum and for metropolitan versus nonmetropolitan counties, for all cancers combined and several individual cancer types. We also examined the number and foci of rural cancer control grants funded by NCI from 2011 to 2016. Cancer incidence was 447 cases per 100,000 in metropolitan counties and 460 per 100,000 in nonmetropolitan counties ( P P Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(7); 992–7. ©2017 AACR .read more
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Rural–Urban Differences in Cancer Incidence and Trends in the United States
Whitney E. Zahnd,Aimee S. James,Wiley D. Jenkins,Sonya Izadi,Amanda Fogleman,David E. Steward,Graham A. Colditz,Laurent Brard +7 more
TL;DR: Cancer rates associated with modifiable risks—tobacco, HPV, and some preventive screening modalities (e.g., colorectal and cervical cancers)—were higher in rural compared with urban populations, and population-based, clinical, and/or policy strategies and interventions that address these modifiable risk factors could help reduce cancer disparities experienced in rural populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differences in Rural and Urban Health Information Access and Use.
Xuewei Chen,Heather Orom,Jennifer L. Hay,Erika A. Waters,Elizabeth Schofield,Yuelin Li,Marc T. Kiviniemi +6 more
TL;DR: Investigation of differences in information source access and use between rural and urban US adults found rural residents had lower access to health information from sources including primary care providers, specialist doctors, blogs, and magazines, and less use of search engines.
Journal ArticleDOI
Closing the Rural Cancer Care Gap: Three Institutional Approaches.
Laura A. Levit,Leslie Byatt,Alan P. Lyss,Electra D. Paskett,Kathryn Levit,Kelsey Kirkwood,Caroline Schenkel,Richard L. Schilsky +7 more
TL;DR: The experience of the 3 institutions featured in the article suggests that increasing rural patients' access to care requires expanding services and decreasing travel distances, mitigating financial burdens when insurance coverage is limited, opening avenues to clinical trial participation, and creating partnerships between providers and community leaders to address local gaps in care.
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Urban/Rural Differences in Breast and Cervical Cancer Incidence: The Mediating Roles of Socioeconomic Status and Provider Density.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used weighted least squares regression to examine whether candidate mediators explained the relationship between urbanicity and cancer incidence, and found that as urbanicity increased, so did breast cancer incidence.
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Rural-Urban Disparities in Time to Diagnosis and Treatment for Colorectal and Breast Cancer
Rebecca J Bergin,Rebecca J Bergin,Jon Emery,Ruth Bollard,Alina Zalounina Falborg,Henry Jensen,David Weller,Usha Menon,Peter Vedsted,Robert J. Thomas,K. Whitfield,Victoria White,Victoria White +12 more
TL;DR: Rural residence was associated with longer total intervals for colorectal but not breast cancer; with most disparities postpresentation.
References
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Book
Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
TL;DR: In this article, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment, examining how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looking at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Healthy People 2020
TL;DR: The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services launched Healthy People 2020 in December 2010, announcing the new 10-year goals and objectives for health promotion and disease prevention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of Obesity among Adults from Rural and Urban Areas of the United States: Findings from NHANES (2005-2008).
TL;DR: Obesity is markedly higher among adults from rural versus urban areas of the United States, with estimates that are much higher than the rates suggested by studies with self-reported data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and physical inactivity in rural America.
TL;DR: The high prevalence of obesity and inactive lifestyles among rural populations call for research into effective rural interventions.