Journal ArticleDOI
Modelling of earth and water pressure development during diaphragm wall construction in soft clay
R. Schäfer,Th. Triantafyllidis +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the influence of diaphragm wall construction on the stress field in a soft clayey soil is investigated by the use of a three-dimensional FE-model of seven adjacent wall panels.Abstract:
The influence of a diaphragm wall construction on the stress field in a soft clayey soil is investigated by the use of a three-dimensional FE-model of seven adjacent wall panels. The installation procedure comprises the excavation and the subsequent pouring of each panel taking into account the increasing stiffness of the placed fresh concrete. The soft clay deposit is described by a visco-hypoplastic constitutive model considering the rheological properties and the small-strain stiffness of the soil. The construction process considerably affects the effective earth and pore water pressures adjacent to the wall. Due to concreting, a high excess pore water pressure arises, which dissipates during the following construction steps. The earth pressure finally shows an oscillating, distinct three-dimensional distribution along the retaining wall which depends on the installation sequence of the panels and the difference between the fresh concrete pressure and the total horizontal earth pressure at rest. In comparison to FE-calculations adopting the earth pressure at rest as initial condition, greater wall deflections and surface ground settlements during the subsequent pit excavation can be expected, as the average stress level especially in the upper half of the wall is increased by the construction procedure of the retaining structure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical analysis of the installation effect of diaphragm walls in saturated soft clay
TL;DR: In this paper, a typical diaphragm wall panel in saturated soft clay is simulated with a 3D finite element program, where the soil is assumed to behave as an isotropic linear elastic/Mohr-Coulomb plastic material with a soil-water coupled consolidation response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical modelling of installation effects for diaphragm walls in sand
TL;DR: In this article, a series of three-dimensional finite element analyses was carried out modelling the installation of diaphragm walls consisting of panels of different lengths, where the soil was modelled as either linearly elastic-perfectly plastic or incrementally non-linear (hypoplastic) with elastic strain range.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of the construction process on the deformation behaviour of diaphragm walls in soft clayey ground
R. Schäfer,Th. Triantafyllidis +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present results of simulation and measurements during the construction process of the Taipei National Enterprise Center show that such an assumption leads to an underestimation of the horizontal wall deflection, the surface ground settlements as well as the loading of the struts in case of normally to slightly over-consolidated clayey soil deposits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure optimisation of a diaphragm wall with special modelling methods in a large-scale circular ventilating shaft considering shield crossing
TL;DR: In this paper, a numerical model with special methods considering the modelling of panel joints and shield crossing the ventilating shaft was proposed: the joints between panels were simulated with the hinge mode of connection type, the interaction between surrounding soils and diaphragm wall simulated with ground springs, and the excavated soils within the shield tunnel simulated with solid elements were performed to model the stress release when shield crossing.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering geology of Norwegian normally consolidated marine clays as related to settlements of buildings
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the various geological processes which can take place with time in the Norwegian normally-consolidated marine clays, and which will lead to changes of the geotechnical properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
A hypoplastic relation for granular materials with a predefined limit state surface
TL;DR: In this article, Wu et al. developed a hypoplastic theory for granular materials developed by Gudehus and Bauer and discussed the suitability of the Matsuoka/Nakai criterion for critical states.
Journal ArticleDOI
K o - OCR Relationships in Soil
Paul W. Mayne,Fred H. Kulhawy +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between K o and OCR was investigated for primary loading - unloading - reloading conditions for 170 different soils and presented an approach common to clays, silts and sands.
Journal ArticleDOI
A natural compression law for soils (an advance on e-log p')
Abstract: The shortcomings of the curves normally used to describe the change of volume of a soil skeleton with variations in mean effective stress are discussed. The author proposes an alternative approach, without the use of void ratio, adopting specific volume. Expressions are derived to show that natural volumetric stresses and strains are linearly related. Some consequences of this new relationship are examined. The coefficient of volume compressibility is defined, and the theory of soil consolidation in an oedometer investigated. Predictions of pore water pressure and effective stress changes are better than those of the conventional linear theory. The cam clay soil model is modified to give a revised critical state line which is well supported by experimental evidence. Equations are derived which could provide a basis for a simplified presentation of state boundary surfaces. (TRRL)
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Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of diaphragm wall installation
Susan Gourvenec,William Powrie +1 more