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Molecular evolution of bacterial β-lactam resistance

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TLDR
Two classes of penicillin-destroying enzymes appear to have developed from an ancestral protein along separate evolutionary paths, and structural differentiation of the β-lactamases from the DD-peptidases appears to follow differences in substrate shapes.
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This article is published in Chemistry & Biology.The article was published on 1996-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 122 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Penicillin Antibiotic & Penicillin.

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AmpC β-Lactamases

TL;DR: Overexpression confers resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins including cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone and is a problem especially in infections due to Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacteria cloacae, where an isolate initially susceptible to these agents may become resistant upon therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics: enzymatic degradation and modification.

TL;DR: This review will present the current status of knowledge of these aspects of antibiotic resistance and discuss how a thorough understanding of resistance enzyme molecular mechanism, three-dimensional structure, and evolution can be leveraged in combating resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI

Kinship and Diversification of Bacterial Penicillin-Binding Proteins and β-Lactamases

TL;DR: The catalytic function of β- lactamases is the primary cause of bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins and cephalosporins).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

MOLSCRIPT: a program to produce both detailed and schematic plots of protein structures

TL;DR: The MOLSCRIPT program as discussed by the authors produces plots of protein structures using several different kinds of representations, including simple wire models, ball-and-stick models, CPK models and text labels.
Journal ArticleDOI

Mechanism of action of penicillins: a proposal based on their structural similarity to acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine.

TL;DR: A clone of fibroblasts (C13), derived from the BHK-21 line,' was obtained from Professor M. Stoker, Giasgow, Scotland, and was used at the 80th-lOOth generations since cloning.
Book ChapterDOI

Diffraction methods for biological macromolecules. Interactive computer graphics: FRODO.

Jones Ta
TL;DR: The flexible coordinate data set and the absence of any connectivity dictionary mean that any sort of molecular fragment can be displayed, and the fragment rotation/translation with neighbor calculations can be used to dock substrates into active sites and this has recently been enhanced to include local energy minimization.
Journal ArticleDOI

More extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.

TL;DR: Extended-spectrum,-lactamases were first recognized in Europe, have become increasingly prevalent there, and are being reported around the world, including many sites in the United States.
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