Mucogingival conditions in the natural dentition: Narrative review, case definitions, and diagnostic considerations
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TLDR
The clinical impact and the prevalence of conditions like root surface lesions, hypersensitivity, and patient esthetic concern associated with gingival recessions indicate the need to modify the 1999 classification.Abstract:
Background Mucogingival deformities, and gingival recession in particular, are a group of conditions that affect a large number of patients. Since life expectancy is rising and people are retaining more teeth both gingival recession and the related damages to the root surface are likely to become more frequent. It is therefore important to define anatomic/morphologic characteristics of mucogingival lesions and other predisposing conditions or treatments that are likely to be associated with occurrence of gingival recession. Objectives Mucogingival defects including gingival recession occur frequently in adults, have a tendency to increase with age, and occur in populations with both high and low standards of oral hygiene. The root surface exposure is frequently associated with impaired esthetics, dentinal hypersensitivity and carious and non-carious cervical lesions. The objectives of this review are as follows (1) to propose a clinically oriented classification of the main mucogingival conditions, recession in particular; (2) to define the impact of these conditions in the areas of esthetics, dentin hypersensitivity and root surface alterations at the cervical area; and (3) to discuss the impact of the clinical signs and symptoms associated with the development of gingival recessions on future periodontal health status. Results An extensive literature search revealed the following findings: 1) periodontal health can be maintained in most patients with optimal home care; 2) thin periodontal biotypes are at greater risk for developing gingival recession; 3) inadequate oral hygiene, orthodontic treatment, and cervical restorations might increase the risk for the development of gingival recession; 4) in the absence of pathosis, monitoring specific sites seems to be the proper approach; 5) surgical intervention, either to change the biotype and/or to cover roots, might be indicated when the risk for the development or progression of pathosis and associated root damages is increased and to satisfy the esthetic requirements of the patients. Conclusions The clinical impact and the prevalence of conditions like root surface lesions, hypersensitivity, and patient esthetic concern associated with gingival recessions indicate the need to modify the 1999 classification. The new classification includes additional information, such as recession severity, dimension of the gingiva (gingival biotype), presence/absence of caries and non-carious cervical lesions, esthetic concern of the patient, and presence/absence of dentin hypersensitivity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions - Introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification.
Jack G. Caton,Gary C. Armitage,Tord Berglundh,Iain L. C. Chapple,Søren Jepsen,Kenneth S. Kornman,Brian L. Mealey,Panos N. Papapanou,Mariano Sanz,Maurizio S. Tonetti +9 more
TL;DR: An overview for the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions is presented, along with a condensed scheme for each of four workgroup sections, but readers are directed to the pertinent consensus reports and review papers for a thorough discussion of the rationale, criteria, and interpretation of the proposed classification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 3 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions: Classification and case definitions for periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions
Søren Jepsen,Jack G. Caton,Jasim M. Albandar,Nabil F. Bissada,Philippe Bouchard,Pierpaolo Cortellini,Korkud Demirel,Massimo de Sanctis,Carlo Ercoli,Jingyuan Fan,Nicolaas C. Geurs,Francis J. Hughes,Lijian Jin,Alpdogan Kantarci,Evanthia Lalla,Phoebus N. Madianos,Debora C Matthews,Michael K. McGuire,Michael P. Mills,Philip M. Preshaw,Mark A. Reynolds,Anton Sculean,Cristiano Susin,Nicola X West,Kazuhisa Yamazaki +24 more
TL;DR: An updated classification of theperiodontal manifestations and conditions affecting the course of periodontitis and the periodontal attachment apparatus, as well as of developmental and acquired conditions, is introduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gingival phenotype modification therapies on natural teeth: A network meta-analysis.
Shayan Barootchi,Lorenzo Tavelli,Giovanni Zucchelli,Giovanni Zucchelli,William V. Giannobile,Hom-Lay Wang +5 more
TL;DR: It was observed that any graft material was able to significantly enhance GT, while KT in root coverage procedures was significantly enhanced with CTG and ADM, and in non-root coverage procedures, withADM, CM, FGG and LCC compared to APF alone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acellular dermal matrix and coronally advanced flap or tunnel technique in the treatment of multiple adjacent gingival recessions. A 12-year follow-up from a randomized clinical trial
Lorenzo Tavelli,Shayan Barootchi,Riccardo Di Gianfilippo,Marmar Modarressi,Francesco Cairo,Giulio Rasperini,Hom-Lay Wang +6 more
TL;DR: A significant relapse of the gingival margin of MAGRs treated with CAF or TUN + ADM was observed after 12 years, with a highly significant drop in mRC observed for both groups from the 6 months timepoint to the 12 years recall.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a Classification System for Periodontal Diseases and Conditions
TL;DR: How the new classification for periodontal diseases and conditions presented in this volume differs from the classification system developed at the 1989 World Workshop in Clinical Periodontics is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparing the perception of dentists and lay people to altered dental esthetics.
TL;DR: The results of this study show that orthodontists, general dentists, and lay people detect specific dental esthetic discrepancies at varying levels of deviation, which may aid the dental professional in making specific treatment recommendations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for the design and conduct of clinical trials on dentine hypersensitivity
TL;DR: A committee of interested persons from academia and industry was convened to discuss the subject of clinical trials on dentine hypersensitivity and a consensus report is presented, recommending a double-blind randomized parallel groups design, although cross-over designs may be used for the preliminary screening of agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
The natural history of periodontal disease in man: prevalence, severity, and extent of gingival recession
TL;DR: It is advanced that there is more than one type of gingival recession and probably several factors determining the initiation and development of these lesions.
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Søren Jepsen,Jack G. Caton,Jasim M. Albandar,Nabil F. Bissada,Philippe Bouchard,Pierpaolo Cortellini,Korkud Demirel,Massimo de Sanctis,Carlo Ercoli,Jingyuan Fan,Nicolaas C. Geurs,Francis J. Hughes,Lijian Jin,Alpdogan Kantarci,Evanthia Lalla,Phoebus N. Madianos,Debora C Matthews,Michael K. McGuire,Michael P. Mills,Philip M. Preshaw,Mark A. Reynolds,Anton Sculean,Cristiano Susin,Nicola X West,Kazuhisa Yamazaki +24 more