Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple Equilibria of an Asymmetric Two-Basin Ocean Model
TLDR
In this paper, an ocean general circulation model is used to examine the role of model geometry and surface buoyancy and wind stress forcing in the asymmetry of the global thermohaline circulation.Abstract:
An ocean general circulation model is used to examine the role of model geometry and surface buoyancy and wind stress forcing in the asymmetry of the global thermohaline circulation. The model domain is a highly idealized Atlantic and Pacific, linked by a circumpolar ocean in the south, and the integrations are performed under mixed boundary conditions diagnosed from spinups under various temperature and salinity profiles constructed from the present-day climatology. The model exhibits a tendency to favor either a “conveyor”-type circulation with sinking in the northern North Atlantic and upwelling in the North Pacific, or a “southern sinking” state with deep sinking in the Antarctic only. This bias is not dictated solely by the hydrological cycle, nor apparently by the greater northern extension of the Atlantic basin, but presumably by the overall asymmetry of the geometry. Equilibria with northern sinking in both basins can appear, however, when the winds in the Southern Ocean are reduced or th...read more
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The UVic earth system climate model: Model description, climatology, and applications to past, present and future climates
Andrew J. Weaver,Michael Eby,Edward C. Wiebe,Cecilia M. Bitz,P. B. Duffy,Tracy Ewen,Augustus F. Fanning,Marika M. Holland,Amy MacFadyen,H. Damon Matthews,Katrin J. Meissner,Oleg A. Saenko,Andreas Schmittner,Huaxiao Wang,Masakazu Yoshimori +14 more
TL;DR: The UVic Earth System Climate Model as discussed by the authors consists of a three-dimensional ocean general circulation model coupled to a thermodynamic/dynamic sea ice model, an energy-moisture balance atmospheric model with dynamical feedbacks, and a thermomechanical land-ice model.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the driving processes of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
Till Kuhlbrodt,Alexa Griesel,Marisa Montoya,Anders Levermann,Matthias Hofmann,Stefan Rahmstorf +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review both observational data and model results concerning the two main candidates: vertical mixing processes in the ocean's interior and wind-induced Ekman upwelling in the Southern Ocean.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the freshwater forcing and transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation
TL;DR: In this article, it is argued that the freshwater loss to the atmosphere arises mainly in the subtropical South Atlantic and is balanced by northward freshwater transport in the wind-driven sub-tropical gyre, while the thermohaline circulation transports freshwater southward.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Drake Passage on the global thermohaline circulation
J. R. Toggweiler,B. Samuels +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The new hadley centre climate model (HadGEM1) : Evaluation of coupled simulations
T. C. Johns,C. F. Durman,Helene T. Banks,Malcolm J. Roberts,A. J. McLaren,Jeff Ridley,Catherine A. Senior,Keith D. Williams,A. K. Jones,Graham J. Rickard,S. Cusack,William Ingram,Michel Crucifix,David M. H. Sexton,Manoj Joshi,Buwen Dong,Hilary Spencer,Richard Hill,Jonathan M. Gregory,A. B. Keen,Anne Pardaens,Jason Lowe,Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo,Sheila Stark,Y. Searl +24 more
TL;DR: The Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 1 (HadGEM1) is built around a new atmospheric dynamical core and uses higher resolution than the previous Hadley Center model, HadCM3; and contains several improvements in its formulation including interactive atmospheric aerosols as discussed by the authors.