Frank O. Bryan

TL;DR: In this article, the authors use output from hydrological, oceanographic, and atmospheric models to estimate the variability in the gravity field (i.e., in the geoid) due to those sources.

TL;DR: Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments (COREs) as mentioned in this paper is a tool to explore the behaviour of global ocean-ice models under forcing from a common atmospheric dataset, which is suitable for our purposes, even though its evaluation originally focussed more on the ocean than on the sea ice.

TL;DR: In this paper, a general circulation model for the ocean is used to investigate the interaction between the global-scale thermohaline circulation and the salinity distribution, and multiple equilibrium solutions are obtained for the same forcing by perturbing the high-latitude salinity field in an otherwise equatorially symmetric initial condition.

TL;DR: In this paper, a low resolution, primitive equation ocean general circulation model with idealized basin geometry and surface forcing has been carried out in order to identify the processes controlling the climatically important aspects of the circulation.

TL;DR: The history of the CCSM, its current capabilities, and plans for its future development and applications are outlined, with the goal of providing a summary useful to present and future users.