Journal ArticleDOI
Muscular ideal media images and men's body image: Social comparison processing and individual vulnerability.
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This paper investigated the role of social comparison processes in men's responses to images of muscular-ideal male beauty and found that a sample of 104 male university students viewed either 15 television commercials containing images of men who epitomize the current muscular ideal, or 15 nonappearance cAbstract:
The study aimed to investigate the role of social comparison processes in men's responses to images of muscular-ideal male beauty. A sample of 104 male university students viewed either 15 television commercials containing images of men who epitomize the current muscular ideal, or 15 nonappearance cread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
“Fitspiration” on Social Media: A Content Analysis of Gendered Images
TL;DR: Female #fitspo subjects typically adhered to the thin or athletic ideal, and male subjects typically followed the muscular ideal, as it relates to both female and male body image.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pretty as a Princess: Longitudinal Effects of Engagement With Disney Princesses on Gender Stereotypes, Body Esteem, and Prosocial Behavior in Children
TL;DR: Parental mediation strengthened associations between princess engagement and adherence to female gender-stereotypical behavior for both girls and boys, and for body esteem and prosocial behavior for boys only.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Association between Social Media Use and Eating Concerns among US Young Adults.
TL;DR: A strong and consistent association between social media use and eating concerns in a nationally representative sample of young adults aged 19 to 32 years is indicated, apparent whether social mediause was measured as volume or frequency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relations among media influence, body image, eating concerns, and sexual orientation in men: A preliminary investigation
TL;DR: It is suggested that gay men's increased vulnerability to media influence partially accounts for the relatively high rate of eating pathology observed in this population.
Journal ArticleDOI
A correlational and experimental examination of reality television viewing and interest in cosmetic surgery.
TL;DR: Results indicated that participants who watched a television program about cosmetic surgery wanted to alter their own appearance using cosmetic surgery more than did participants who were not exposed to this program.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The gender similarities hypothesis.
TL;DR: Results from a review of 46 meta-analyses support the gender similarities hypothesis, which holds that males and females are similar on most, but not all, psychological variables.
Book
Exacting Beauty: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment of Body Image Disturbance
TL;DR: The Scope of Body Image Disturbance - the Big Picture An Overview of Assessment and Treatment Strategies Sociocultural Theory - the Media and Society Social Comparison Processes Appearance-Related Feedback Interpersonal Factors Peers, Parents and Perfect Strangers Feminist Perspectives Sexual Abuse and Sexual Harassment Behavioural Aspects of Disturbances - Conditioning, Context and Avoidance Cognitive Processing Models Future Directions - Integrative Theories, Multidimensional Assessment and Multicomponent Interventions
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The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: a meta-analytic review.
TL;DR: Results support the sociocultural perspective that mass media promulgate a slender ideal that elicits body dissatisfaction that supports prevention and research on social comparison processes.
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Theory and Research Concerning Social Comparisons of Personal Attributes
TL;DR: Social comparison theory has evolved considerably since Festinger (1954) originally proposed it as discussed by the authors, and it is not always an unbiased self-evaluator but may seek many goals through social comparison; the social environment may not be inactive but may impose unwanted comparisons; and the comparison process involves more than selecting a comparison target.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cultural expectations of thinness in women.
TL;DR: This study attempts to document and quantify the shift toward a thinner ideal shape for females in the authors' culture over the last 20 years, including data from Playboy centerfolds and Miss America Pageant contestants and a significant increase in diet articles in six popular women's magazines.