Journal ArticleDOI
Overtraining in athletes. An update.
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TLDR
An in-depth knowledge of periodisation of training theory may be necessary to promote optimal performance improvements, prevent overtraining, and develop a system for incorporating a screening system into the training programme.Abstract:
Overtraining appears to be caused by too much high intensity training and/or too little regeneration (recovery) time often combined with other training and nontraining stressors. There are a multitude of symptoms of overtraining, the expression of which vary depending upon the athlete's physical and physiological makeup, type of exercise undertaken and other factors. The aetiology of overtraining may therefore be different in different people suggesting the need to be aware of a wide variety of parameters as markers of overtraining. At present there is no one single diagnostic test that can define overtraining. The recognition of overtraining requires the identification of stress indicators which do not return to baseline following a period of regeneration. Possible indicators include an imbalance of the neuroendocrine system, suppression of the immune system, indicators of muscle damage, depressed muscle glycogen reserves, deteriorating aerobic, ventilatory and cardiac efficiency, a depressed psychological profile, and poor performance in sport specific tests, e.g. time trials. Screening for changes in parameters indicative of overtraining needs to be a routine component of the training programme and must be incorporated into the programme in such a way that the short term fatigue associated with overload training is not confused with the chronic fatigue characteristic of overtraining. An in-depth knowledge of periodisation of training theory may be necessary to promote optimal performance improvements, prevent overtraining, and develop a system for incorporating a screening system into the training programme. Screening for overtraining and performance improvements must occur at the culmination of regeneration periods.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science and the American College of Sports Medicine.
Romain Meeusen,Martine Duclos,Carl Foster,Andrew Fry,Michael Gleeson,David C. Nieman,John S. Raglin,Gerard Rietjens,Jürgen M. Steinacker,Axel Urhausen +9 more
TL;DR: The recent status of possible markers for the detection of overtraining syndrome is provided and it is generally thought that symptoms of OTS, such as fatigue, performance decline, and mood disturbances, are more severe than those of NFOR.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heart rate variability in athletes.
TL;DR: There is a strong need for basic research on the nature of the control and regulating mechanism exerted by the autonomic nervous system on cardiovascular function in athletes, preferably with a multidisciplinary approach between cardiologists, exercise physiologists, pulmonary physiologists and coaches and biomedical engineers.
Journal ArticleDOI
How much is too much? (Part 2) International Olympic Committee consensus statement on load in sport and risk of illness
Martin Schwellnus,Torbjørn Soligard,Juan-Manuel Alonso,Roald Bahr,Roald Bahr,Ben Clarsen,H Paul Dijkstra,Tim J. Gabbett,Michael Gleeson,Martin Hägglund,Mark R. Hutchinson,Christa Janse van Rensburg,Romain Meeusen,John Orchard,Babette M Pluim,Martin Raftery,Richard Budgett,Lars Engebretsen,Lars Engebretsen,Lars Engebretsen +19 more
TL;DR: An expert group to review the scientific evidence for the relationship of load and health outcomes in sport provides athletes, coaches and support staff with practical guidelines to manage load in sport.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress : relationship with exercise and training.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that training can have positive or negative effects on oxidative stress depending on training load, training specificity and the basal level of training, which may lead to overtraining.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overtraining and recovery. A conceptual model.
Göran Kenttä,Peter Hassmén +1 more
TL;DR: The TQR method to facilitate monitoring of the recovery process is suggested and a conceptual model that incorporates all of the important parameters for performance gain (adaptation) and loss (mal Adaptation) is proposed.
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